Critical State Soil Mechanics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Basic State Soil Mechanics - Assignment Example The dirt accomplishes a basic state when there is a consistent shear pressure and no further volumetric strain happens. Be that as it may, dry soils frequently accomplish top shear worry before achieving the basic state. Henceforth, the quality of the dirt depends on its basic state quality and the pinnacle quality. Basic condition of soil keeps on mutilating moving forward without any more changes in void proportion or ordinary pressure or shear pressure, however the strains accomplish violent stream. At the shearing point, soils accomplish basic states, which are autonomous on the underlying states. Subsequently, basic shear pressure doesn't vary at first for both dry and wet soils since the void proportion and the compelling weight is the equivalent (Atkinson 2007). The basic state boundaries are l, M, and G. Soil test changing states are handily shown by the particular volume, deviatoric stress and viable mean pressure. The key research facility tests that can be utilized in the estimation of basic state boundaries are the triaxial (pivotal balance) test and straightforward or direct shear test. These test tests ought to have a solidification, which is identified with the compelling weight at the beginning of the tests (Joseph 2009). Further, the tests ought to have congruity to such a huge degree of the strains for the examples to accomplish basic states. A few examples, particularly the ones that are over-combined will in general fizzle preceding the achievement of the basic state. Pinnacle qualities demonstrate focuses that are on the basic state lines of the (p’, q) plot. Further, depleted isotropic emptying and stacking helps in the assurance of l and k in the mechanical assembly of triaxial. Stress way tests additionally help in boundaries assurance. Henceforth, various tests (triaxial expansion, triaxial pressure) offer diverse M esteems while l differs concerning the emptying degree or feeling of anxiety. Such requires the reconsolidation of tests of soil to the viable worries in the field for the utilization of the

Inequalities on HIlltown Main Street The WritePass Journal

Disparities on HIlltown Main Street References Disparities on HIlltown Main Street Drawing on what you have found out about City Road, diagram a portion of the disparities on a road that you know. Hilltown’s Main Street is ordinary of a humble community, and is the place the vast majority of the towns organizations are situated.â Consisting of six bars, three beauticians, and three take-aways with just two supermarkets and a little butchers shop, it is maybe a reflection on how contemporary society’s utilization has formed this street.â Some of the key issues I wish to examine are the structure of the road, traffic stream, stopping, inability access and some neighborhood organizations. The fundamental piece of the road is worked around the joining of three T-intersections, in the inside is a huge leaving zone called ‘The Square’.â With traffic coming in five ways the main methods for traffic control are two islands to attempt to make going across the street easier.â Cars utilizing the road as only a through-street for the most part win the opposition for utilization of room, as they have need, with little to stop them.â This is in contrast with the drivers attempting to join the principle stream of traffic from the three streets that structure the T-Junctions, who miss out with long pauses, similar to the people on foot attempting to cross. It is on this finish of the road that the greater increasingly effective organizations are arranged and the fundamental explanation is by all accounts the straightforward entry because of abundant stopping and great footpaths.â The other portion of the road is on a lofty slope brimming with seepage shunts, lopsided asphalts and high kerbs into each passageway. This implies get to is extremely confined for those with kids in prams or those with restricted mobility.â Those who can get to it effectively are occupants of close by houses and the physically fit pedestrians.â Due to the constrained stopping on this half of the road, drivers think that its hard to get to these businesses.â Therefore they are littler and miss out in light of the fact that they have a constrained purchaser base. The proportion of premises offering superfluous wares contrasted with fundamental is practically 3:1.â â This is an impression of Zygmunt Bauman’s (1988), hypothesis of the lured and the repressed.â The beauticians, for instance, attract customers regularly. Some decide to return week after week so as to attempt and viably expend a help which permits them to keep up a picture they consider socially acceptable.â Bauman would allude to these as the seduced.â Those with restricted methods in any case, can't take an interest in this type of utilization †the older on constrained annuities, the jobless and the more youthful ages for example.â These are viewed as the stifled. Bars are not another product to the Main Street, some dating as far back as the eighteenth century, they are anyway kept up by the present purchaser demand.â Most of them have modernized, in especially Minnie’s where the 20 something’s like to socialise.â It is a result of this notoriety that a great deal of the more seasoned ages feel excluded.â The noisy music and pool tables claim more to the youthful utilized individuals who try to a solid character and social acknowledgment inside the bar.â Lowry’s anyway is referred to locally as the working man’s bar, a bar which, before the smoking boycott, possessed a scent like stogie smoke, and even had a ‘men’s room’ where the men would assemble and talk undisturbed around an open fire.â Like the Men’s Municipal Club on City Road Cardiff (Visual Material), maybe Lowry’s holds tight to an envisioned past leaving the men with an awesome feeling of having a place yet whi ch implies that ladies, youngsters and new individuals frequently consider it to be a that is very restrictive to its perceived clientele.â The Hotel caters for the moderately aged customers, again on account of reputation.â Here adolescents and youngsters feel this isn't the picture they wish to be related with. Regardless of what occurs in Main Street; from exploring the intersections, to associating, to customers having their hair done there are incorporations and exclusions.â Whether one has a huge excess pay or lesser methods, the victors and washouts in utilization are not generally self-evident, however there are consistently divisions and imbalances to be seen. While the traffic imbalances can't be settled without incredible cost (for example traffic lights), individuals have figured out how to function around this.â Inequalities are not pessimistic when the road is seen as a whole.â When individuals feel barred from one foundation they are commonly remembered for another for example Lowry’s, Minnie’s and the lodging all have a particular and diverse custom.â However the issue of incapacity access to the lower half of Main Street may not be settled whenever soon.â It is a direct result of circumstances like this that there will consistently be a rate that are q uelled and barred from our general public. References Content Making Social Lives Textbook Page25 Visual Social Sciences DVD

4 Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays

4 Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays 4 Surprisingly Simple Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays 4 Surprisingly Simple Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays The deluge has begun. The earliest supplemental essays have started to trickle out and it’s time to bust out your rain slicker and boots maybe even a canoe if you have one on hand. For the uninitiated, supplemental essays are the school-specific writing assignments that many colleges and universities require in addition to the Common App or Coalition personal statement. They have become increasingly popular in recent years, so it pays to focus the old binoculars and get on the lookout early. Last year, we worked with students who had to write as many as thirty (30!) of these babies. So, yes, this task may in fact be more time consuming and require more energy than your main personal statement. That’s why we made you a guide. Learn how to make the most of the early-release supplemental essays and how to plan ahead for the regular release. 1. Start early. This is an obvious one. If a school releases its supplement early, you have the opportunity to start working on it before the rest of the supplement storm descends. Sometimes an early release can hint at the complexity of the supplement. The University of Chicago is a prime example, with its notorious “extended essay” questions. These oddball prompts demand relatively long responses that require an above average amount of thought and planning. It’s no surprise, then, that UChicago does its applicant pool the favor of releasing these prompts at the beginning of the summer. Time is a gift, and sometimes it’s also necessary. 2. Check often. Unfortunately, there is no standard release time for supplemental essay questions. The vast majority of prompts typically come out in early August when the Common App goes live, but we can’t predict the future. Some schools may release their supplements with the Coalition in July. Some may wait until September. For this reason, we encourage you to keep up with the schools on your list. Maybe even set a Google alert or a weekly time to check the various school websites. It’s always safer to assume that a school has a supplement than to assume it doesn’t and find yourself with 10 surprise essays to write a week before the deadline. 3. Expect the unexpected. Different schools take very different approaches to the supplemental essay. UChicago’s quirky prompts may seem off-the-wall and intimidating, but they give you a unique opportunity to showcase your own quirks or sides of your personality that you haven’t been able to reveal elsewhere. UNC and Michigan ask more straightforward questions to gauge your interest in and commitment to their institutions. For the past few years, Stanford and Yale have peppered their applications with short-answer questions that allow you to show your ability to think on your feet. The point is, prompts come in all shapes and sizes, and you can use every single kind to your advantage if you prepare yourself for a wide array of questions. 4. Keep in touch. We at College Essay Advisors, are huge supplemental essay nerds. We love them. We anticipate their release the way some are looking forward to Harry Potter and the Cursed Child. So, we’re going to be offering tons of useful advice and updates as new prompts start to come out. Our College Spotlight series will update you on the latest prompts and help you get a jumpstart on your research for various institutions. Our online video series even offers an entire chapter on how best to divide and conquer your supplemental essays. So stay tuned! We’re here to help! About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth » Ready to get started? Give College Essay Academy a Try. WATCH CHAPTER 1 FOR FREE »

Anne Moodys Coming of Age in the Mississippi - 1268 Words

At the start of the book a naà ¯ve, young and innocent African American girl lived life almost oblivious to the socially constructed issue of race. She did not see the difference of skin color and believed it was perfectly normal to socialize with whites. As far as she was concerned raced did not exist. This view was quickly altered and changed as the little girl named Essie-Mae Moody grew up fast in a society dominated by racial boundaries involving whites, blacks and a hierarchy of people who had parts of both. Essie’s first encounter with race which initiated her first change, from being oblivious to being confused, occurred early in life. When she was young, she was friends with and often played with white children. This all changed†¦show more content†¦This was the worst of my fears.†8 This fear was also given life because she was not aware of what criteria or actions could cause an African American to be killed. She came to the conclusion that being black was enough.9 â€Å"I was fifteen years old when I began to hate people. I hated the white men who murdered Emmitt Till and I hated all the other whites who were responsible for countless murders†¦and those I vaguely remembered from childhood.†10 The section of the book that this quote comes from shows an attitude toward race that Essie-Mae retains for a significant amount of time. Her feelings were characterized by anger. As the story progresses it comes to be known that Essie does not solely blame the whites. She considered the black community just as guilty for allowing the atrocities to occur. At this point in time Essie-Mae showed that she did not blame just one side of the racial spectrum; she blamed everyone for their part in contributing to the problem.11 Her anger eventually transformed into hatred as more atrocities occurred that involved the killings of African Americans. The major event that caused Essie-Mae Moody to hate was the murder of Samuel O’Quinn. This murder was the straw that broke the camel’s back in relation to Essie’s shift to saying she hated whites. His death reminded her of all the other killings she had buried away inside of her that were waiting to explode. She was even more angry that she wanted to take direct action against what wasShow MoreRelated Anne Moodys Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moodys Coming of Age in Mississippi Coming of Age in Mississippi is the amazing story of Anne Moodys unbreakable spirit and character throughout the first twenty-three years of her life. Time and time again she speaks of unthinkable odds and conditions and how she manages to keep excelling in her aspirations, yet she ends the book with a tone of hesitation, fear, and skepticism. While she continually fought the tide of society and her elders, suddenly in the end she is speaking asRead MoreAnne Moodys Autobiography Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesI couldnt believe it, but it was the Klan blacklist, with my picture on it. I guess I must have sat there for about an hour holding it, says Moody in her autobiography Coming of Age in Mississippi. In Moodys response to the blacklist, one pervasive theme from her memoir becomes evident: though she participated in many of the same activist movements as her peers, Moody is separated from them by several things, chief among them being her ability to see the events of the 1960s through a wide, uncoloredRead MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age1189 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moody is the author of Coming of Age in Mississippi which was originally published in 1968. Anne Moody is a famous African American Mississippi author who was born in Wilkinson County, Mississippi on September 15, 1940. She was the eldest of nine children born to Fred and Elnire Moody. While growing up in Mississippi, Moody attended a segregated school where she was an outstanding scholar. Moody cleaned houses in order to keep food on the table and clothes on her family members’ backs. In 1961Read MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age881 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Moody, Anne. Coming of Age in Mississippi. New York: Dial, 1968. Print.† Anne Moody was a determined, educated, and an inspiring civil rights activist who was born in Gloster, Mississippi. Born on September 15th, 1940-passed away February 5th, 2015 Anne Moody dedicated her life to making the Un ited States a better place for not only African American’s, but pleaded for equality amongst all races as well. Awarded best book of the year in 1969 by the National Library Association, Anne Moody writesRead MoreComing Of Age Throughout Mississippi By Anne Moody1206 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moody’s, â€Å"Coming of Age in Mississippi† is an autobiography of hers that depicts the time of injustice, racial discrimination, oppression and the hardships African Americans dealt with during this time of inequality and how it led to Civil Rights Movement. Anne Moody’s overall life experience since her young age of 4, till her age of 24 of the movement, greatly shows the struggles of the time with uses on her emotional experiences and her analyzing skills of her time which did not fail to catchRead MoreEssay about The Expansion of the Great Black Migration1253 Words   |  6 Pages Anne Moody: Coming of Age during the Great Black Migration Reviewing the life of a young girl to a woman in Wilkerson County, Mississippi, Coming of Age in Mississippi is an Autobiography written by the civil rights activist Anne Moody. Raised in the 1940s, Anne Moody experienced a point in time where Black codes and Jim Crow laws hindered the expansion of black rights in Southern parts of the United States. Seen to most as an eye opening autobiography, Coming of Age in Mississippi is AnneRead MoreHistory Essay Review756 Words   |  4 PagesTHE UNITED STATES: 1865 TO THE PRESENT Writing Assignments / Midterm Exams and Book Discussion Section Required Texts: * Anne Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi (Random House, 1992). ISBN: 9780440314882 Anne Moody was born on September 15, 1940, in Wilkinson County, Mississippi. Coming ofAge in Mississippi is an autobiographical book about life in Mississippi, the struggle of African Americans in the state and in the South, the life of a black child and woman in the South, and the roleRead MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moody, a black activist in the twentieth century, wrote an autobiography, Coming of Age in Mississippi, which illustrated how life was like growing up poor and black in the rural south. She wrote in details of her life living in the racist society and what it meant to be black in the South twentieth century. Readers were able to understand her personal thoughts as well as her memories of the fight growing up in the south and her involvement in the Civil Rights Movement. Moody grew up with aRead MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age During Mississippi And Non Violent Vs. Violent Protest For Civil Rights1640 Words   |  7 PagesSamuel Co nner Professor M. Du Bois HIST1025-002 October 30, 2015 Dreamers Instead of Leaders: Anne Moody’s Coming of Age in Mississippi and Non-Violent vs. Violent Protest for Civil Rights The American Civil Rights Movement in the late 1950s and 1960s generated massive international following and controversy, which made the movement one of the most important in U.S. history. The movement’s legacy can still be felt today, with the positive aspects, such as voting rights to African Americans and wideRead MoreComing of Age in Mississippi vs. The Jungle Paper1039 Words   |  5 PagesComing of Age in Mississippi vs. The Jungle Paper There is an argument that states that Anne Moodys tale in Coming of Age in Mississippi is a more optimistic tale then that of Jurgis Rutkis in The Jungle and vice versa. This is not the case. When you take the time to analyze both story, you come to find that both have the same pessimistic core. The only difference is the character Jurgis was optimist throughout most of the beginning despite his circumstances yet in the end he loses all hope

Understanding and Developing the Student Engagement at Afro-Caribbean Society Free Essay Example, 1750 words

Cultural integration is one of the easiest ways of generating interesting in new things. It is the best way of achieving and managing change (Hunt Hunt 2009: 191). The problem with the issues at hand is the inability to learn about the growth potentials that are present in society as a whole. The problem with the current afro-Caribbean society is the lack of a real sense of direction that will boost the way things are done within the society. Creating liaisons will be a great path towards bridging the gaps within and making sure that everyone gets attention from the desired platforms (Dunne 2013: 145). The idea is to move from one level of distraction to the next, while at the same time making the right choices based on the shared platforms and the real sense of activities needed to achieve success. Equal representation for all genders and factions within the larger part of the community will be a good way of making sure that the people are unified. The main problem is that society has to work on releasing new means of dealing with the different people, have a cultural integration, and provide fair representation. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding and Developing the Student Engagement at Afro-Caribbean Society or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Various opportunities need to be intensely noted in creating better and more suggestive platforms making the typical stride towards generating harmony within the school. Transitions are difficult, but they are quite essential in generating the strong relationships required to put the society in a better position.

Prescription Drug Abuse Paper Free Essays

Marc Boubelik Engl 102 MWF 3:00pm Yuan Ding 26 March 2012 Abuse of Prescription Drugs in the U. S. â€Å"Prescription drugs are the number-one drug problem that we face today,† says David Rotenberg, executive director of the adolescent treatment center at the nonprofit Caron Foundation. We will write a custom essay sample on Prescription Drug Abuse Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"They are more widely prescribed, more widely available, and more widely abused by adolescents than they have ever been before. â€Å"(DiConsiglio, 1) Abuse of prescription drugs is one of the fastest growing problems for young adults in the U. S. today. It is a concerning problem because of prescription drug’s widespread availability and little known negative side effects. Prescription drugs are being abused by many young adults and college students. This research paper will focus on the types of drugs abused, where these drugs are coming from and the reasons for abuse, and the dangers of unknown side effects of abuse. Many different prescription drugs are abused for academic purposes as well as recreational purposes. First let’s take a look at one of the most popular abused drugs, Adderall. Adderall is by definition a prescription stimulant. It is composed of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. It is normally prescribed by doctors to patients who suffer from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and people who suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To these patients, Adderall has a calming effect with an improvement in focus and can sustain attention for longer periods of time. Adderall comes is classified by two types, instantaneous release (IR) and extended release (XR). The first has a faster onset and is usually multiple doses are taken in a day. Extended is released in time controlled amounts and is usually taken at the beginning of the day. Adderall is cousin to such drugs as speed and methamphetamines. To adolescents without either disorder, the drug has a stimulating effect on the nervous system. It seems to increase focus and alertness in the abuser. â€Å"There are no hard statistics on how many college students use  Adderall. A University of Wisconsin study put the number at 20 percent. Our informal survey at colleges in this region suggests that some 25 percent of students have used  Adderall  at least once to study or to party. (Jaffe/Chip 42) Adderall is a schedule II drug, which defined by the DEA as â€Å"a category of drugs considered having a strong potential for abuse or addiction but that have legitimate medical use. † Another commonly abused prescription pill is powerful painkillers, like Oxycodone (OxyCotin) and Vicodin. These types of medications are usually prescribed to patients with injurie s of extensive pain or for patients to take post-surgery. â€Å"Nearly 15 percent of high school seniors admitted abusing painkillers like OxyContin, according to the 2009 â€Å"Monitoring the Future† survey conducted by the University of Michigan. This is a startling statistic, especially since 24% of high schools students also partake in episodic and binge drinking. What does this mean? Just because these pills can be found around the house, teenagers think that they can’t be that harmful for your body. When taken in large doses painkillers can create a euphoric â€Å"high† feeling in the abuser. These painkillers can come in liquid, tablet, capsule, and extended release form. These types of painkillers are derived from opioids, the same stuff that heroin is composed of. Because it shares some of the same properties as heroin, it is very addictive in nature, physically and emotionally. Tolerance develops quickly to these drugs, which leads abusers to chase the same feeling as their first experience, often spiraling into full blown addiction. Now that we’ve covered what types of drugs are commonly abused by young adults and college students, how are these drugs obtained and why would adolescents want to abuse them? In the mind of a typical U. S. college student, drug abuse is not uncommon. There have been widespread coverage on binge drinking and alcohol abuse within college campuses, but what about prescription drug abuse? Where are these pills coming from? College students diagnosed with ADHD are popular kids around any given campus. Most college students looking to score some Adderall usually obtain it through a friend or an acquaintance. Pills can range anywhere from 3 to 30 dollars a pill. Using Adderall is seen as a way to get an upper hand when it comes to academics. Students will pop a pill to study, take a test, and even for fun. In an age where procrastination is common, students will do anything to cut their learning curve of classroom curriculum and make up for poor time management. Students report that when taking prescription stimulants they feel an increase in alertness and concentration. Students also report weight loss as a (sometimes desired) side effect. In the article â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? † authors Harry Jaffe and Alex Chip tell the story of a college student at Duke University named Kirk. Kirk was an average student who worked hard to get into Duke’s pre-medical program, but once he got there he found it hard to compete with the other students. Coupled with the party scene at the school, it’s no wonder his grades were sub-par. One day his frat brother picked up on his distress and offered him Adderall. Kirk had never popped a pill for academic or recreational purposes, but after taking the drug and cramming 14 hours straight for a test with positive results, he made it a staple in his academic routine. His abuse slowly progressed as the semester went on. During finals week he took a total 200mg of Adderall over five days and during his fourth and final test, his heart began to beat faster than normal and his temperature hit 103. 5 degrees. After a trip to the hospital, he stopped abusing the prescription drug almost entirely. The rule of moderation applies to prescription drugs. They have done wonders for the human race, but if taken in excess, they become harmful to the body, for example, increasing heart rate, altering senses and perceptions, and many other negative side effects. As well as being used as an academic stimulant, Adderall and prescription stimulants are used as a recreational drug, usually at much higher doses, to produce a mild â€Å"high† effect. Adderall is also commonly taken to purposely stay awake all night during the weekends to accompany long nights of drinking, a very dangerous combination. Painkillers like Oxycodone and Vicodin are abused solely for recreation. When taken in high doses, the opiate-derived pills create a sensation of euphoria and relaxation. These prescription drugs are obtained very similar to Adderall, through friends with prescriptions. In the article â€Å"Problem Pill. † Author John DiConsiglio tells the story of 18 year-old Chasey. Chasey started abusing OxyCotin at age 17 under the illusion that prescription drugs were safe to abuse; she became victim to its addictive grip. She used the drug to deal with her emotional pain. So why do many adolescents choose to abuse prescription drugs instead of other popular substances like alcohol and marijuana? Experts believe â€Å"pill popping† is common because it’s hard to detect. Pills are odorless, abusers won’t stumble over words or slur their speech, and the pills are also easy to conceal and carry (DiConsiglio 2). Another speculated reason that this type of abuse is so popular is that kids think it’s safe just because it’s prescribed by a licensed doctor. This leads us to our final topic, what are the dangers and side effects of abuse? Different prescription drugs come with different risks. Let’s relate back to Kirk’s story. His heart rate increased beyond normal and his temperature rose to dangerous levels. According to Scholastics Choices article â€Å"Prescription Stimulants†, â€Å"Abusing prescription stimulants can also result in increased blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature, as well as nausea, headaches, anxiety, psychosis, seizures, stroke, and heart failure. † Although students know the risks of ingesting prescription stimulants like Adderall, many still choose to abuse them. Prescription drugs are very useful and helpful to us if we take them at recommended doses at scheduled times, however when young adults and college students abuse them they have little regard for dosage or a set schedule. Another concern is combining these pills with other commonly abused substances. Alcohol consumption is often very prevalent on college campuses. When alcohol and prescription drugs are combined, they can have potentially fatal results. Mixing pills with different pills could also land you in the hospital. As I mentioned earlier, prescription medicines can become physically and mentally addictive similar to other drugs such as cocaine and heroin,. Tolerance to these drugs can increase rapidly, resulting in the abuser taking higher doses to achieve the same effect. Most prescription drugs come with a long list of negative side effects. Some side effects of Adderall include increased heart rate, difficulty sleeping, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pains, dizziness and many more. A few side effects of Oxycotin include drowsiness, mood shifts, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, and many more. You can now see why prescription drugs are a growing problem in the U. S. Prescription drugs can be as dangerous as any drug. I’ve covered just what drugs are popular choices for abuse, the reasons why they are abused, and the dangers of abuse. Putting an end to adolescent abuse of prescription drugs is a difficult problem and the solution isn’t simple. Awareness for prescription drug abuse is being raised and needs to continue being raised as the problem itself grows. All we can ask is that America doesn’t become a nation that runs off pills. Works cited DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Generation Rx. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  25. 4 (2010): 8-11. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Problem Pill. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 4 (2011): 14-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 16 Mar. 2012. Jaffe, Harry, and Alex Chip. â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? †Ã‚  Washingtonian  41. 4 (2006): 41-47. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Jardin, Bianca1, Alison1 Looby, and Mitch1 Earleywine. â€Å"Characteristics Of College Students With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Who Misuse Their Medications. †Ã‚  Journal Of American College Health  59. 5 (2011): 373-377. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. â€Å"Prescription Stimulants. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 6 (2011): 16-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Rasminsky, Abigail. â€Å"High And Mighty. †Ã‚  Dance Spirit  12. 7 (2008): 116-118. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. How to cite Prescription Drug Abuse Paper, Essay examples

Prescription Drug Abuse Paper Free Essays

Marc Boubelik Engl 102 MWF 3:00pm Yuan Ding 26 March 2012 Abuse of Prescription Drugs in the U. S. â€Å"Prescription drugs are the number-one drug problem that we face today,† says David Rotenberg, executive director of the adolescent treatment center at the nonprofit Caron Foundation. We will write a custom essay sample on Prescription Drug Abuse Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"They are more widely prescribed, more widely available, and more widely abused by adolescents than they have ever been before. â€Å"(DiConsiglio, 1) Abuse of prescription drugs is one of the fastest growing problems for young adults in the U. S. today. It is a concerning problem because of prescription drug’s widespread availability and little known negative side effects. Prescription drugs are being abused by many young adults and college students. This research paper will focus on the types of drugs abused, where these drugs are coming from and the reasons for abuse, and the dangers of unknown side effects of abuse. Many different prescription drugs are abused for academic purposes as well as recreational purposes. First let’s take a look at one of the most popular abused drugs, Adderall. Adderall is by definition a prescription stimulant. It is composed of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. It is normally prescribed by doctors to patients who suffer from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and people who suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To these patients, Adderall has a calming effect with an improvement in focus and can sustain attention for longer periods of time. Adderall comes is classified by two types, instantaneous release (IR) and extended release (XR). The first has a faster onset and is usually multiple doses are taken in a day. Extended is released in time controlled amounts and is usually taken at the beginning of the day. Adderall is cousin to such drugs as speed and methamphetamines. To adolescents without either disorder, the drug has a stimulating effect on the nervous system. It seems to increase focus and alertness in the abuser. â€Å"There are no hard statistics on how many college students use  Adderall. A University of Wisconsin study put the number at 20 percent. Our informal survey at colleges in this region suggests that some 25 percent of students have used  Adderall  at least once to study or to party. (Jaffe/Chip 42) Adderall is a schedule II drug, which defined by the DEA as â€Å"a category of drugs considered having a strong potential for abuse or addiction but that have legitimate medical use. † Another commonly abused prescription pill is powerful painkillers, like Oxycodone (OxyCotin) and Vicodin. These types of medications are usually prescribed to patients with injurie s of extensive pain or for patients to take post-surgery. â€Å"Nearly 15 percent of high school seniors admitted abusing painkillers like OxyContin, according to the 2009 â€Å"Monitoring the Future† survey conducted by the University of Michigan. This is a startling statistic, especially since 24% of high schools students also partake in episodic and binge drinking. What does this mean? Just because these pills can be found around the house, teenagers think that they can’t be that harmful for your body. When taken in large doses painkillers can create a euphoric â€Å"high† feeling in the abuser. These painkillers can come in liquid, tablet, capsule, and extended release form. These types of painkillers are derived from opioids, the same stuff that heroin is composed of. Because it shares some of the same properties as heroin, it is very addictive in nature, physically and emotionally. Tolerance develops quickly to these drugs, which leads abusers to chase the same feeling as their first experience, often spiraling into full blown addiction. Now that we’ve covered what types of drugs are commonly abused by young adults and college students, how are these drugs obtained and why would adolescents want to abuse them? In the mind of a typical U. S. college student, drug abuse is not uncommon. There have been widespread coverage on binge drinking and alcohol abuse within college campuses, but what about prescription drug abuse? Where are these pills coming from? College students diagnosed with ADHD are popular kids around any given campus. Most college students looking to score some Adderall usually obtain it through a friend or an acquaintance. Pills can range anywhere from 3 to 30 dollars a pill. Using Adderall is seen as a way to get an upper hand when it comes to academics. Students will pop a pill to study, take a test, and even for fun. In an age where procrastination is common, students will do anything to cut their learning curve of classroom curriculum and make up for poor time management. Students report that when taking prescription stimulants they feel an increase in alertness and concentration. Students also report weight loss as a (sometimes desired) side effect. In the article â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? † authors Harry Jaffe and Alex Chip tell the story of a college student at Duke University named Kirk. Kirk was an average student who worked hard to get into Duke’s pre-medical program, but once he got there he found it hard to compete with the other students. Coupled with the party scene at the school, it’s no wonder his grades were sub-par. One day his frat brother picked up on his distress and offered him Adderall. Kirk had never popped a pill for academic or recreational purposes, but after taking the drug and cramming 14 hours straight for a test with positive results, he made it a staple in his academic routine. His abuse slowly progressed as the semester went on. During finals week he took a total 200mg of Adderall over five days and during his fourth and final test, his heart began to beat faster than normal and his temperature hit 103. 5 degrees. After a trip to the hospital, he stopped abusing the prescription drug almost entirely. The rule of moderation applies to prescription drugs. They have done wonders for the human race, but if taken in excess, they become harmful to the body, for example, increasing heart rate, altering senses and perceptions, and many other negative side effects. As well as being used as an academic stimulant, Adderall and prescription stimulants are used as a recreational drug, usually at much higher doses, to produce a mild â€Å"high† effect. Adderall is also commonly taken to purposely stay awake all night during the weekends to accompany long nights of drinking, a very dangerous combination. Painkillers like Oxycodone and Vicodin are abused solely for recreation. When taken in high doses, the opiate-derived pills create a sensation of euphoria and relaxation. These prescription drugs are obtained very similar to Adderall, through friends with prescriptions. In the article â€Å"Problem Pill. † Author John DiConsiglio tells the story of 18 year-old Chasey. Chasey started abusing OxyCotin at age 17 under the illusion that prescription drugs were safe to abuse; she became victim to its addictive grip. She used the drug to deal with her emotional pain. So why do many adolescents choose to abuse prescription drugs instead of other popular substances like alcohol and marijuana? Experts believe â€Å"pill popping† is common because it’s hard to detect. Pills are odorless, abusers won’t stumble over words or slur their speech, and the pills are also easy to conceal and carry (DiConsiglio 2). Another speculated reason that this type of abuse is so popular is that kids think it’s safe just because it’s prescribed by a licensed doctor. This leads us to our final topic, what are the dangers and side effects of abuse? Different prescription drugs come with different risks. Let’s relate back to Kirk’s story. His heart rate increased beyond normal and his temperature rose to dangerous levels. According to Scholastics Choices article â€Å"Prescription Stimulants†, â€Å"Abusing prescription stimulants can also result in increased blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature, as well as nausea, headaches, anxiety, psychosis, seizures, stroke, and heart failure. † Although students know the risks of ingesting prescription stimulants like Adderall, many still choose to abuse them. Prescription drugs are very useful and helpful to us if we take them at recommended doses at scheduled times, however when young adults and college students abuse them they have little regard for dosage or a set schedule. Another concern is combining these pills with other commonly abused substances. Alcohol consumption is often very prevalent on college campuses. When alcohol and prescription drugs are combined, they can have potentially fatal results. Mixing pills with different pills could also land you in the hospital. As I mentioned earlier, prescription medicines can become physically and mentally addictive similar to other drugs such as cocaine and heroin,. Tolerance to these drugs can increase rapidly, resulting in the abuser taking higher doses to achieve the same effect. Most prescription drugs come with a long list of negative side effects. Some side effects of Adderall include increased heart rate, difficulty sleeping, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pains, dizziness and many more. A few side effects of Oxycotin include drowsiness, mood shifts, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, and many more. You can now see why prescription drugs are a growing problem in the U. S. Prescription drugs can be as dangerous as any drug. I’ve covered just what drugs are popular choices for abuse, the reasons why they are abused, and the dangers of abuse. Putting an end to adolescent abuse of prescription drugs is a difficult problem and the solution isn’t simple. Awareness for prescription drug abuse is being raised and needs to continue being raised as the problem itself grows. All we can ask is that America doesn’t become a nation that runs off pills. Works cited DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Generation Rx. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  25. 4 (2010): 8-11. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Problem Pill. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 4 (2011): 14-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 16 Mar. 2012. Jaffe, Harry, and Alex Chip. â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? †Ã‚  Washingtonian  41. 4 (2006): 41-47. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Jardin, Bianca1, Alison1 Looby, and Mitch1 Earleywine. â€Å"Characteristics Of College Students With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Who Misuse Their Medications. †Ã‚  Journal Of American College Health  59. 5 (2011): 373-377. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. â€Å"Prescription Stimulants. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 6 (2011): 16-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Rasminsky, Abigail. â€Å"High And Mighty. †Ã‚  Dance Spirit  12. 7 (2008): 116-118. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. How to cite Prescription Drug Abuse Paper, Essay examples