Critical State Soil Mechanics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Basic State Soil Mechanics - Assignment Example The dirt accomplishes a basic state when there is a consistent shear pressure and no further volumetric strain happens. Be that as it may, dry soils frequently accomplish top shear worry before achieving the basic state. Henceforth, the quality of the dirt depends on its basic state quality and the pinnacle quality. Basic condition of soil keeps on mutilating moving forward without any more changes in void proportion or ordinary pressure or shear pressure, however the strains accomplish violent stream. At the shearing point, soils accomplish basic states, which are autonomous on the underlying states. Subsequently, basic shear pressure doesn't vary at first for both dry and wet soils since the void proportion and the compelling weight is the equivalent (Atkinson 2007). The basic state boundaries are l, M, and G. Soil test changing states are handily shown by the particular volume, deviatoric stress and viable mean pressure. The key research facility tests that can be utilized in the estimation of basic state boundaries are the triaxial (pivotal balance) test and straightforward or direct shear test. These test tests ought to have a solidification, which is identified with the compelling weight at the beginning of the tests (Joseph 2009). Further, the tests ought to have congruity to such a huge degree of the strains for the examples to accomplish basic states. A few examples, particularly the ones that are over-combined will in general fizzle preceding the achievement of the basic state. Pinnacle qualities demonstrate focuses that are on the basic state lines of the (p’, q) plot. Further, depleted isotropic emptying and stacking helps in the assurance of l and k in the mechanical assembly of triaxial. Stress way tests additionally help in boundaries assurance. Henceforth, various tests (triaxial expansion, triaxial pressure) offer diverse M esteems while l differs concerning the emptying degree or feeling of anxiety. Such requires the reconsolidation of tests of soil to the viable worries in the field for the utilization of the

Inequalities on HIlltown Main Street The WritePass Journal

Disparities on HIlltown Main Street References Disparities on HIlltown Main Street Drawing on what you have found out about City Road, diagram a portion of the disparities on a road that you know. Hilltown’s Main Street is ordinary of a humble community, and is the place the vast majority of the towns organizations are situated.â Consisting of six bars, three beauticians, and three take-aways with just two supermarkets and a little butchers shop, it is maybe a reflection on how contemporary society’s utilization has formed this street.â Some of the key issues I wish to examine are the structure of the road, traffic stream, stopping, inability access and some neighborhood organizations. The fundamental piece of the road is worked around the joining of three T-intersections, in the inside is a huge leaving zone called ‘The Square’.â With traffic coming in five ways the main methods for traffic control are two islands to attempt to make going across the street easier.â Cars utilizing the road as only a through-street for the most part win the opposition for utilization of room, as they have need, with little to stop them.â This is in contrast with the drivers attempting to join the principle stream of traffic from the three streets that structure the T-Junctions, who miss out with long pauses, similar to the people on foot attempting to cross. It is on this finish of the road that the greater increasingly effective organizations are arranged and the fundamental explanation is by all accounts the straightforward entry because of abundant stopping and great footpaths.â The other portion of the road is on a lofty slope brimming with seepage shunts, lopsided asphalts and high kerbs into each passageway. This implies get to is extremely confined for those with kids in prams or those with restricted mobility.â Those who can get to it effectively are occupants of close by houses and the physically fit pedestrians.â Due to the constrained stopping on this half of the road, drivers think that its hard to get to these businesses.â Therefore they are littler and miss out in light of the fact that they have a constrained purchaser base. The proportion of premises offering superfluous wares contrasted with fundamental is practically 3:1.â â This is an impression of Zygmunt Bauman’s (1988), hypothesis of the lured and the repressed.â The beauticians, for instance, attract customers regularly. Some decide to return week after week so as to attempt and viably expend a help which permits them to keep up a picture they consider socially acceptable.â Bauman would allude to these as the seduced.â Those with restricted methods in any case, can't take an interest in this type of utilization †the older on constrained annuities, the jobless and the more youthful ages for example.â These are viewed as the stifled. Bars are not another product to the Main Street, some dating as far back as the eighteenth century, they are anyway kept up by the present purchaser demand.â Most of them have modernized, in especially Minnie’s where the 20 something’s like to socialise.â It is a result of this notoriety that a great deal of the more seasoned ages feel excluded.â The noisy music and pool tables claim more to the youthful utilized individuals who try to a solid character and social acknowledgment inside the bar.â Lowry’s anyway is referred to locally as the working man’s bar, a bar which, before the smoking boycott, possessed a scent like stogie smoke, and even had a ‘men’s room’ where the men would assemble and talk undisturbed around an open fire.â Like the Men’s Municipal Club on City Road Cardiff (Visual Material), maybe Lowry’s holds tight to an envisioned past leaving the men with an awesome feeling of having a place yet whi ch implies that ladies, youngsters and new individuals frequently consider it to be a that is very restrictive to its perceived clientele.â The Hotel caters for the moderately aged customers, again on account of reputation.â Here adolescents and youngsters feel this isn't the picture they wish to be related with. Regardless of what occurs in Main Street; from exploring the intersections, to associating, to customers having their hair done there are incorporations and exclusions.â Whether one has a huge excess pay or lesser methods, the victors and washouts in utilization are not generally self-evident, however there are consistently divisions and imbalances to be seen. While the traffic imbalances can't be settled without incredible cost (for example traffic lights), individuals have figured out how to function around this.â Inequalities are not pessimistic when the road is seen as a whole.â When individuals feel barred from one foundation they are commonly remembered for another for example Lowry’s, Minnie’s and the lodging all have a particular and diverse custom.â However the issue of incapacity access to the lower half of Main Street may not be settled whenever soon.â It is a direct result of circumstances like this that there will consistently be a rate that are q uelled and barred from our general public. References Content Making Social Lives Textbook Page25 Visual Social Sciences DVD

4 Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays

4 Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays 4 Surprisingly Simple Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays 4 Surprisingly Simple Strategies for Tackling Supplemental Application Essays The deluge has begun. The earliest supplemental essays have started to trickle out and it’s time to bust out your rain slicker and boots maybe even a canoe if you have one on hand. For the uninitiated, supplemental essays are the school-specific writing assignments that many colleges and universities require in addition to the Common App or Coalition personal statement. They have become increasingly popular in recent years, so it pays to focus the old binoculars and get on the lookout early. Last year, we worked with students who had to write as many as thirty (30!) of these babies. So, yes, this task may in fact be more time consuming and require more energy than your main personal statement. That’s why we made you a guide. Learn how to make the most of the early-release supplemental essays and how to plan ahead for the regular release. 1. Start early. This is an obvious one. If a school releases its supplement early, you have the opportunity to start working on it before the rest of the supplement storm descends. Sometimes an early release can hint at the complexity of the supplement. The University of Chicago is a prime example, with its notorious “extended essay” questions. These oddball prompts demand relatively long responses that require an above average amount of thought and planning. It’s no surprise, then, that UChicago does its applicant pool the favor of releasing these prompts at the beginning of the summer. Time is a gift, and sometimes it’s also necessary. 2. Check often. Unfortunately, there is no standard release time for supplemental essay questions. The vast majority of prompts typically come out in early August when the Common App goes live, but we can’t predict the future. Some schools may release their supplements with the Coalition in July. Some may wait until September. For this reason, we encourage you to keep up with the schools on your list. Maybe even set a Google alert or a weekly time to check the various school websites. It’s always safer to assume that a school has a supplement than to assume it doesn’t and find yourself with 10 surprise essays to write a week before the deadline. 3. Expect the unexpected. Different schools take very different approaches to the supplemental essay. UChicago’s quirky prompts may seem off-the-wall and intimidating, but they give you a unique opportunity to showcase your own quirks or sides of your personality that you haven’t been able to reveal elsewhere. UNC and Michigan ask more straightforward questions to gauge your interest in and commitment to their institutions. For the past few years, Stanford and Yale have peppered their applications with short-answer questions that allow you to show your ability to think on your feet. The point is, prompts come in all shapes and sizes, and you can use every single kind to your advantage if you prepare yourself for a wide array of questions. 4. Keep in touch. We at College Essay Advisors, are huge supplemental essay nerds. We love them. We anticipate their release the way some are looking forward to Harry Potter and the Cursed Child. So, we’re going to be offering tons of useful advice and updates as new prompts start to come out. Our College Spotlight series will update you on the latest prompts and help you get a jumpstart on your research for various institutions. Our online video series even offers an entire chapter on how best to divide and conquer your supplemental essays. So stay tuned! We’re here to help! About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth » Ready to get started? Give College Essay Academy a Try. WATCH CHAPTER 1 FOR FREE »

Anne Moodys Coming of Age in the Mississippi - 1268 Words

At the start of the book a naà ¯ve, young and innocent African American girl lived life almost oblivious to the socially constructed issue of race. She did not see the difference of skin color and believed it was perfectly normal to socialize with whites. As far as she was concerned raced did not exist. This view was quickly altered and changed as the little girl named Essie-Mae Moody grew up fast in a society dominated by racial boundaries involving whites, blacks and a hierarchy of people who had parts of both. Essie’s first encounter with race which initiated her first change, from being oblivious to being confused, occurred early in life. When she was young, she was friends with and often played with white children. This all changed†¦show more content†¦This was the worst of my fears.†8 This fear was also given life because she was not aware of what criteria or actions could cause an African American to be killed. She came to the conclusion that being black was enough.9 â€Å"I was fifteen years old when I began to hate people. I hated the white men who murdered Emmitt Till and I hated all the other whites who were responsible for countless murders†¦and those I vaguely remembered from childhood.†10 The section of the book that this quote comes from shows an attitude toward race that Essie-Mae retains for a significant amount of time. Her feelings were characterized by anger. As the story progresses it comes to be known that Essie does not solely blame the whites. She considered the black community just as guilty for allowing the atrocities to occur. At this point in time Essie-Mae showed that she did not blame just one side of the racial spectrum; she blamed everyone for their part in contributing to the problem.11 Her anger eventually transformed into hatred as more atrocities occurred that involved the killings of African Americans. The major event that caused Essie-Mae Moody to hate was the murder of Samuel O’Quinn. This murder was the straw that broke the camel’s back in relation to Essie’s shift to saying she hated whites. His death reminded her of all the other killings she had buried away inside of her that were waiting to explode. She was even more angry that she wanted to take direct action against what wasShow MoreRelated Anne Moodys Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moodys Coming of Age in Mississippi Coming of Age in Mississippi is the amazing story of Anne Moodys unbreakable spirit and character throughout the first twenty-three years of her life. Time and time again she speaks of unthinkable odds and conditions and how she manages to keep excelling in her aspirations, yet she ends the book with a tone of hesitation, fear, and skepticism. While she continually fought the tide of society and her elders, suddenly in the end she is speaking asRead MoreAnne Moodys Autobiography Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesI couldnt believe it, but it was the Klan blacklist, with my picture on it. I guess I must have sat there for about an hour holding it, says Moody in her autobiography Coming of Age in Mississippi. In Moodys response to the blacklist, one pervasive theme from her memoir becomes evident: though she participated in many of the same activist movements as her peers, Moody is separated from them by several things, chief among them being her ability to see the events of the 1960s through a wide, uncoloredRead MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age1189 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moody is the author of Coming of Age in Mississippi which was originally published in 1968. Anne Moody is a famous African American Mississippi author who was born in Wilkinson County, Mississippi on September 15, 1940. She was the eldest of nine children born to Fred and Elnire Moody. While growing up in Mississippi, Moody attended a segregated school where she was an outstanding scholar. Moody cleaned houses in order to keep food on the table and clothes on her family members’ backs. In 1961Read MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age881 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Moody, Anne. Coming of Age in Mississippi. New York: Dial, 1968. Print.† Anne Moody was a determined, educated, and an inspiring civil rights activist who was born in Gloster, Mississippi. Born on September 15th, 1940-passed away February 5th, 2015 Anne Moody dedicated her life to making the Un ited States a better place for not only African American’s, but pleaded for equality amongst all races as well. Awarded best book of the year in 1969 by the National Library Association, Anne Moody writesRead MoreComing Of Age Throughout Mississippi By Anne Moody1206 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moody’s, â€Å"Coming of Age in Mississippi† is an autobiography of hers that depicts the time of injustice, racial discrimination, oppression and the hardships African Americans dealt with during this time of inequality and how it led to Civil Rights Movement. Anne Moody’s overall life experience since her young age of 4, till her age of 24 of the movement, greatly shows the struggles of the time with uses on her emotional experiences and her analyzing skills of her time which did not fail to catchRead MoreEssay about The Expansion of the Great Black Migration1253 Words   |  6 Pages Anne Moody: Coming of Age during the Great Black Migration Reviewing the life of a young girl to a woman in Wilkerson County, Mississippi, Coming of Age in Mississippi is an Autobiography written by the civil rights activist Anne Moody. Raised in the 1940s, Anne Moody experienced a point in time where Black codes and Jim Crow laws hindered the expansion of black rights in Southern parts of the United States. Seen to most as an eye opening autobiography, Coming of Age in Mississippi is AnneRead MoreHistory Essay Review756 Words   |  4 PagesTHE UNITED STATES: 1865 TO THE PRESENT Writing Assignments / Midterm Exams and Book Discussion Section Required Texts: * Anne Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi (Random House, 1992). ISBN: 9780440314882 Anne Moody was born on September 15, 1940, in Wilkinson County, Mississippi. Coming ofAge in Mississippi is an autobiographical book about life in Mississippi, the struggle of African Americans in the state and in the South, the life of a black child and woman in the South, and the roleRead MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Moody, a black activist in the twentieth century, wrote an autobiography, Coming of Age in Mississippi, which illustrated how life was like growing up poor and black in the rural south. She wrote in details of her life living in the racist society and what it meant to be black in the South twentieth century. Readers were able to understand her personal thoughts as well as her memories of the fight growing up in the south and her involvement in the Civil Rights Movement. Moody grew up with aRead MoreAnne Moody s Coming Of Age During Mississippi And Non Violent Vs. Violent Protest For Civil Rights1640 Words   |  7 PagesSamuel Co nner Professor M. Du Bois HIST1025-002 October 30, 2015 Dreamers Instead of Leaders: Anne Moody’s Coming of Age in Mississippi and Non-Violent vs. Violent Protest for Civil Rights The American Civil Rights Movement in the late 1950s and 1960s generated massive international following and controversy, which made the movement one of the most important in U.S. history. The movement’s legacy can still be felt today, with the positive aspects, such as voting rights to African Americans and wideRead MoreComing of Age in Mississippi vs. The Jungle Paper1039 Words   |  5 PagesComing of Age in Mississippi vs. The Jungle Paper There is an argument that states that Anne Moodys tale in Coming of Age in Mississippi is a more optimistic tale then that of Jurgis Rutkis in The Jungle and vice versa. This is not the case. When you take the time to analyze both story, you come to find that both have the same pessimistic core. The only difference is the character Jurgis was optimist throughout most of the beginning despite his circumstances yet in the end he loses all hope

Understanding and Developing the Student Engagement at Afro-Caribbean Society Free Essay Example, 1750 words

Cultural integration is one of the easiest ways of generating interesting in new things. It is the best way of achieving and managing change (Hunt Hunt 2009: 191). The problem with the issues at hand is the inability to learn about the growth potentials that are present in society as a whole. The problem with the current afro-Caribbean society is the lack of a real sense of direction that will boost the way things are done within the society. Creating liaisons will be a great path towards bridging the gaps within and making sure that everyone gets attention from the desired platforms (Dunne 2013: 145). The idea is to move from one level of distraction to the next, while at the same time making the right choices based on the shared platforms and the real sense of activities needed to achieve success. Equal representation for all genders and factions within the larger part of the community will be a good way of making sure that the people are unified. The main problem is that society has to work on releasing new means of dealing with the different people, have a cultural integration, and provide fair representation. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding and Developing the Student Engagement at Afro-Caribbean Society or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Various opportunities need to be intensely noted in creating better and more suggestive platforms making the typical stride towards generating harmony within the school. Transitions are difficult, but they are quite essential in generating the strong relationships required to put the society in a better position.

Prescription Drug Abuse Paper Free Essays

Marc Boubelik Engl 102 MWF 3:00pm Yuan Ding 26 March 2012 Abuse of Prescription Drugs in the U. S. â€Å"Prescription drugs are the number-one drug problem that we face today,† says David Rotenberg, executive director of the adolescent treatment center at the nonprofit Caron Foundation. We will write a custom essay sample on Prescription Drug Abuse Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"They are more widely prescribed, more widely available, and more widely abused by adolescents than they have ever been before. â€Å"(DiConsiglio, 1) Abuse of prescription drugs is one of the fastest growing problems for young adults in the U. S. today. It is a concerning problem because of prescription drug’s widespread availability and little known negative side effects. Prescription drugs are being abused by many young adults and college students. This research paper will focus on the types of drugs abused, where these drugs are coming from and the reasons for abuse, and the dangers of unknown side effects of abuse. Many different prescription drugs are abused for academic purposes as well as recreational purposes. First let’s take a look at one of the most popular abused drugs, Adderall. Adderall is by definition a prescription stimulant. It is composed of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. It is normally prescribed by doctors to patients who suffer from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and people who suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To these patients, Adderall has a calming effect with an improvement in focus and can sustain attention for longer periods of time. Adderall comes is classified by two types, instantaneous release (IR) and extended release (XR). The first has a faster onset and is usually multiple doses are taken in a day. Extended is released in time controlled amounts and is usually taken at the beginning of the day. Adderall is cousin to such drugs as speed and methamphetamines. To adolescents without either disorder, the drug has a stimulating effect on the nervous system. It seems to increase focus and alertness in the abuser. â€Å"There are no hard statistics on how many college students use  Adderall. A University of Wisconsin study put the number at 20 percent. Our informal survey at colleges in this region suggests that some 25 percent of students have used  Adderall  at least once to study or to party. (Jaffe/Chip 42) Adderall is a schedule II drug, which defined by the DEA as â€Å"a category of drugs considered having a strong potential for abuse or addiction but that have legitimate medical use. † Another commonly abused prescription pill is powerful painkillers, like Oxycodone (OxyCotin) and Vicodin. These types of medications are usually prescribed to patients with injurie s of extensive pain or for patients to take post-surgery. â€Å"Nearly 15 percent of high school seniors admitted abusing painkillers like OxyContin, according to the 2009 â€Å"Monitoring the Future† survey conducted by the University of Michigan. This is a startling statistic, especially since 24% of high schools students also partake in episodic and binge drinking. What does this mean? Just because these pills can be found around the house, teenagers think that they can’t be that harmful for your body. When taken in large doses painkillers can create a euphoric â€Å"high† feeling in the abuser. These painkillers can come in liquid, tablet, capsule, and extended release form. These types of painkillers are derived from opioids, the same stuff that heroin is composed of. Because it shares some of the same properties as heroin, it is very addictive in nature, physically and emotionally. Tolerance develops quickly to these drugs, which leads abusers to chase the same feeling as their first experience, often spiraling into full blown addiction. Now that we’ve covered what types of drugs are commonly abused by young adults and college students, how are these drugs obtained and why would adolescents want to abuse them? In the mind of a typical U. S. college student, drug abuse is not uncommon. There have been widespread coverage on binge drinking and alcohol abuse within college campuses, but what about prescription drug abuse? Where are these pills coming from? College students diagnosed with ADHD are popular kids around any given campus. Most college students looking to score some Adderall usually obtain it through a friend or an acquaintance. Pills can range anywhere from 3 to 30 dollars a pill. Using Adderall is seen as a way to get an upper hand when it comes to academics. Students will pop a pill to study, take a test, and even for fun. In an age where procrastination is common, students will do anything to cut their learning curve of classroom curriculum and make up for poor time management. Students report that when taking prescription stimulants they feel an increase in alertness and concentration. Students also report weight loss as a (sometimes desired) side effect. In the article â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? † authors Harry Jaffe and Alex Chip tell the story of a college student at Duke University named Kirk. Kirk was an average student who worked hard to get into Duke’s pre-medical program, but once he got there he found it hard to compete with the other students. Coupled with the party scene at the school, it’s no wonder his grades were sub-par. One day his frat brother picked up on his distress and offered him Adderall. Kirk had never popped a pill for academic or recreational purposes, but after taking the drug and cramming 14 hours straight for a test with positive results, he made it a staple in his academic routine. His abuse slowly progressed as the semester went on. During finals week he took a total 200mg of Adderall over five days and during his fourth and final test, his heart began to beat faster than normal and his temperature hit 103. 5 degrees. After a trip to the hospital, he stopped abusing the prescription drug almost entirely. The rule of moderation applies to prescription drugs. They have done wonders for the human race, but if taken in excess, they become harmful to the body, for example, increasing heart rate, altering senses and perceptions, and many other negative side effects. As well as being used as an academic stimulant, Adderall and prescription stimulants are used as a recreational drug, usually at much higher doses, to produce a mild â€Å"high† effect. Adderall is also commonly taken to purposely stay awake all night during the weekends to accompany long nights of drinking, a very dangerous combination. Painkillers like Oxycodone and Vicodin are abused solely for recreation. When taken in high doses, the opiate-derived pills create a sensation of euphoria and relaxation. These prescription drugs are obtained very similar to Adderall, through friends with prescriptions. In the article â€Å"Problem Pill. † Author John DiConsiglio tells the story of 18 year-old Chasey. Chasey started abusing OxyCotin at age 17 under the illusion that prescription drugs were safe to abuse; she became victim to its addictive grip. She used the drug to deal with her emotional pain. So why do many adolescents choose to abuse prescription drugs instead of other popular substances like alcohol and marijuana? Experts believe â€Å"pill popping† is common because it’s hard to detect. Pills are odorless, abusers won’t stumble over words or slur their speech, and the pills are also easy to conceal and carry (DiConsiglio 2). Another speculated reason that this type of abuse is so popular is that kids think it’s safe just because it’s prescribed by a licensed doctor. This leads us to our final topic, what are the dangers and side effects of abuse? Different prescription drugs come with different risks. Let’s relate back to Kirk’s story. His heart rate increased beyond normal and his temperature rose to dangerous levels. According to Scholastics Choices article â€Å"Prescription Stimulants†, â€Å"Abusing prescription stimulants can also result in increased blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature, as well as nausea, headaches, anxiety, psychosis, seizures, stroke, and heart failure. † Although students know the risks of ingesting prescription stimulants like Adderall, many still choose to abuse them. Prescription drugs are very useful and helpful to us if we take them at recommended doses at scheduled times, however when young adults and college students abuse them they have little regard for dosage or a set schedule. Another concern is combining these pills with other commonly abused substances. Alcohol consumption is often very prevalent on college campuses. When alcohol and prescription drugs are combined, they can have potentially fatal results. Mixing pills with different pills could also land you in the hospital. As I mentioned earlier, prescription medicines can become physically and mentally addictive similar to other drugs such as cocaine and heroin,. Tolerance to these drugs can increase rapidly, resulting in the abuser taking higher doses to achieve the same effect. Most prescription drugs come with a long list of negative side effects. Some side effects of Adderall include increased heart rate, difficulty sleeping, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pains, dizziness and many more. A few side effects of Oxycotin include drowsiness, mood shifts, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, and many more. You can now see why prescription drugs are a growing problem in the U. S. Prescription drugs can be as dangerous as any drug. I’ve covered just what drugs are popular choices for abuse, the reasons why they are abused, and the dangers of abuse. Putting an end to adolescent abuse of prescription drugs is a difficult problem and the solution isn’t simple. Awareness for prescription drug abuse is being raised and needs to continue being raised as the problem itself grows. All we can ask is that America doesn’t become a nation that runs off pills. Works cited DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Generation Rx. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  25. 4 (2010): 8-11. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Problem Pill. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 4 (2011): 14-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 16 Mar. 2012. Jaffe, Harry, and Alex Chip. â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? †Ã‚  Washingtonian  41. 4 (2006): 41-47. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Jardin, Bianca1, Alison1 Looby, and Mitch1 Earleywine. â€Å"Characteristics Of College Students With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Who Misuse Their Medications. †Ã‚  Journal Of American College Health  59. 5 (2011): 373-377. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. â€Å"Prescription Stimulants. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 6 (2011): 16-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Rasminsky, Abigail. â€Å"High And Mighty. †Ã‚  Dance Spirit  12. 7 (2008): 116-118. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. How to cite Prescription Drug Abuse Paper, Essay examples

Prescription Drug Abuse Paper Free Essays

Marc Boubelik Engl 102 MWF 3:00pm Yuan Ding 26 March 2012 Abuse of Prescription Drugs in the U. S. â€Å"Prescription drugs are the number-one drug problem that we face today,† says David Rotenberg, executive director of the adolescent treatment center at the nonprofit Caron Foundation. We will write a custom essay sample on Prescription Drug Abuse Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"They are more widely prescribed, more widely available, and more widely abused by adolescents than they have ever been before. â€Å"(DiConsiglio, 1) Abuse of prescription drugs is one of the fastest growing problems for young adults in the U. S. today. It is a concerning problem because of prescription drug’s widespread availability and little known negative side effects. Prescription drugs are being abused by many young adults and college students. This research paper will focus on the types of drugs abused, where these drugs are coming from and the reasons for abuse, and the dangers of unknown side effects of abuse. Many different prescription drugs are abused for academic purposes as well as recreational purposes. First let’s take a look at one of the most popular abused drugs, Adderall. Adderall is by definition a prescription stimulant. It is composed of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. It is normally prescribed by doctors to patients who suffer from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and people who suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To these patients, Adderall has a calming effect with an improvement in focus and can sustain attention for longer periods of time. Adderall comes is classified by two types, instantaneous release (IR) and extended release (XR). The first has a faster onset and is usually multiple doses are taken in a day. Extended is released in time controlled amounts and is usually taken at the beginning of the day. Adderall is cousin to such drugs as speed and methamphetamines. To adolescents without either disorder, the drug has a stimulating effect on the nervous system. It seems to increase focus and alertness in the abuser. â€Å"There are no hard statistics on how many college students use  Adderall. A University of Wisconsin study put the number at 20 percent. Our informal survey at colleges in this region suggests that some 25 percent of students have used  Adderall  at least once to study or to party. (Jaffe/Chip 42) Adderall is a schedule II drug, which defined by the DEA as â€Å"a category of drugs considered having a strong potential for abuse or addiction but that have legitimate medical use. † Another commonly abused prescription pill is powerful painkillers, like Oxycodone (OxyCotin) and Vicodin. These types of medications are usually prescribed to patients with injurie s of extensive pain or for patients to take post-surgery. â€Å"Nearly 15 percent of high school seniors admitted abusing painkillers like OxyContin, according to the 2009 â€Å"Monitoring the Future† survey conducted by the University of Michigan. This is a startling statistic, especially since 24% of high schools students also partake in episodic and binge drinking. What does this mean? Just because these pills can be found around the house, teenagers think that they can’t be that harmful for your body. When taken in large doses painkillers can create a euphoric â€Å"high† feeling in the abuser. These painkillers can come in liquid, tablet, capsule, and extended release form. These types of painkillers are derived from opioids, the same stuff that heroin is composed of. Because it shares some of the same properties as heroin, it is very addictive in nature, physically and emotionally. Tolerance develops quickly to these drugs, which leads abusers to chase the same feeling as their first experience, often spiraling into full blown addiction. Now that we’ve covered what types of drugs are commonly abused by young adults and college students, how are these drugs obtained and why would adolescents want to abuse them? In the mind of a typical U. S. college student, drug abuse is not uncommon. There have been widespread coverage on binge drinking and alcohol abuse within college campuses, but what about prescription drug abuse? Where are these pills coming from? College students diagnosed with ADHD are popular kids around any given campus. Most college students looking to score some Adderall usually obtain it through a friend or an acquaintance. Pills can range anywhere from 3 to 30 dollars a pill. Using Adderall is seen as a way to get an upper hand when it comes to academics. Students will pop a pill to study, take a test, and even for fun. In an age where procrastination is common, students will do anything to cut their learning curve of classroom curriculum and make up for poor time management. Students report that when taking prescription stimulants they feel an increase in alertness and concentration. Students also report weight loss as a (sometimes desired) side effect. In the article â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? † authors Harry Jaffe and Alex Chip tell the story of a college student at Duke University named Kirk. Kirk was an average student who worked hard to get into Duke’s pre-medical program, but once he got there he found it hard to compete with the other students. Coupled with the party scene at the school, it’s no wonder his grades were sub-par. One day his frat brother picked up on his distress and offered him Adderall. Kirk had never popped a pill for academic or recreational purposes, but after taking the drug and cramming 14 hours straight for a test with positive results, he made it a staple in his academic routine. His abuse slowly progressed as the semester went on. During finals week he took a total 200mg of Adderall over five days and during his fourth and final test, his heart began to beat faster than normal and his temperature hit 103. 5 degrees. After a trip to the hospital, he stopped abusing the prescription drug almost entirely. The rule of moderation applies to prescription drugs. They have done wonders for the human race, but if taken in excess, they become harmful to the body, for example, increasing heart rate, altering senses and perceptions, and many other negative side effects. As well as being used as an academic stimulant, Adderall and prescription stimulants are used as a recreational drug, usually at much higher doses, to produce a mild â€Å"high† effect. Adderall is also commonly taken to purposely stay awake all night during the weekends to accompany long nights of drinking, a very dangerous combination. Painkillers like Oxycodone and Vicodin are abused solely for recreation. When taken in high doses, the opiate-derived pills create a sensation of euphoria and relaxation. These prescription drugs are obtained very similar to Adderall, through friends with prescriptions. In the article â€Å"Problem Pill. † Author John DiConsiglio tells the story of 18 year-old Chasey. Chasey started abusing OxyCotin at age 17 under the illusion that prescription drugs were safe to abuse; she became victim to its addictive grip. She used the drug to deal with her emotional pain. So why do many adolescents choose to abuse prescription drugs instead of other popular substances like alcohol and marijuana? Experts believe â€Å"pill popping† is common because it’s hard to detect. Pills are odorless, abusers won’t stumble over words or slur their speech, and the pills are also easy to conceal and carry (DiConsiglio 2). Another speculated reason that this type of abuse is so popular is that kids think it’s safe just because it’s prescribed by a licensed doctor. This leads us to our final topic, what are the dangers and side effects of abuse? Different prescription drugs come with different risks. Let’s relate back to Kirk’s story. His heart rate increased beyond normal and his temperature rose to dangerous levels. According to Scholastics Choices article â€Å"Prescription Stimulants†, â€Å"Abusing prescription stimulants can also result in increased blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature, as well as nausea, headaches, anxiety, psychosis, seizures, stroke, and heart failure. † Although students know the risks of ingesting prescription stimulants like Adderall, many still choose to abuse them. Prescription drugs are very useful and helpful to us if we take them at recommended doses at scheduled times, however when young adults and college students abuse them they have little regard for dosage or a set schedule. Another concern is combining these pills with other commonly abused substances. Alcohol consumption is often very prevalent on college campuses. When alcohol and prescription drugs are combined, they can have potentially fatal results. Mixing pills with different pills could also land you in the hospital. As I mentioned earlier, prescription medicines can become physically and mentally addictive similar to other drugs such as cocaine and heroin,. Tolerance to these drugs can increase rapidly, resulting in the abuser taking higher doses to achieve the same effect. Most prescription drugs come with a long list of negative side effects. Some side effects of Adderall include increased heart rate, difficulty sleeping, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pains, dizziness and many more. A few side effects of Oxycotin include drowsiness, mood shifts, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, and many more. You can now see why prescription drugs are a growing problem in the U. S. Prescription drugs can be as dangerous as any drug. I’ve covered just what drugs are popular choices for abuse, the reasons why they are abused, and the dangers of abuse. Putting an end to adolescent abuse of prescription drugs is a difficult problem and the solution isn’t simple. Awareness for prescription drug abuse is being raised and needs to continue being raised as the problem itself grows. All we can ask is that America doesn’t become a nation that runs off pills. Works cited DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Generation Rx. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  25. 4 (2010): 8-11. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. DiConsiglio, John. â€Å"Problem Pill. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 4 (2011): 14-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 16 Mar. 2012. Jaffe, Harry, and Alex Chip. â€Å"Got Any Smart Pills? †Ã‚  Washingtonian  41. 4 (2006): 41-47. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Jardin, Bianca1, Alison1 Looby, and Mitch1 Earleywine. â€Å"Characteristics Of College Students With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Who Misuse Their Medications. †Ã‚  Journal Of American College Health  59. 5 (2011): 373-377. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. â€Å"Prescription Stimulants. †Ã‚  Scholastic Choices  26. 6 (2011): 16-17. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. Rasminsky, Abigail. â€Å"High And Mighty. †Ã‚  Dance Spirit  12. 7 (2008): 116-118. OmniFile Full Text Select (H. W. Wilson). Web. 1 Mar. 2012. How to cite Prescription Drug Abuse Paper, Essay examples

Martial Arts free essay sample

Then those people will usually perform the stereotypically karate pose, the crane stance. But martial arts is not all about kicking, punching, screaming really loud, making unusual sounds or beating people up. Instead martial arts focuses on the well-being of people. Martial arts can be broken up into five very important terms; discipline, respect, confidence, self-esteem and belief. It teaches you so many things patience, discipline, anger management, responsibility, self-control. † Those five terms can also be called life skills and those life skills are what make up martial arts. Martial arts can help anyone to obtain more discipline to ensure them that they have structure in their lives, create good habits to carry with them forever and do things the first time told. â€Å"Discipline is a huge part of it. You have to learn to take constructive criticism and do what you are told. (Anniston Snider, source 9, page 2, paragraph 15. ) To have more respect for yourself and others. We will write a custom essay sample on Martial Arts or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Gain the confidence, enough to speak in front of a group or people and lead a group. Self-esteem is the joy of being you, always finding the positive things in life and staying happy. And belief, if you don’t believe in yourself no one will believe in you. You can never reach your goals in life if you don’t have the yes I can attitude. Overall martial arts helps you become a stronger person physically and mentally because martial arts uses life skills as a vehicles to teach martial arts to help you become a more well-rounded person. Karate is a great tool to help in personal development. † Martial arts are for everyone no matter who you are or what age you are. It is a great activity to enroll children in and adults as well. The things you learn in martial arts are things that you will have with you for the rest of your life. That’s why martial arts many parents enroll their children into a martial arts program. â€Å"Having developed an interest in the sport’s combination of physical activity and discipline. Who doesn’t want to see their child to grow up and know how to make the right choice in life? Who doesn’t want to see their child have the confidence to speak in front of a group of people or even lead a group of people? Or maybe see their child answer with respect with yes sir, yes ma’am or yes mom, yes dad? These habits are habits that you will have for the rest of your life. â€Å"A teachable moment isn’t after the mistake but before. Do something the wrong way 10-15 times and it becomes a habitual behavior. They exhibited better balance and motor coordination, eye contact improved and play skills were further developed. Greater self-esteem was also reported, with the added bonus of these kids being able to defend themselves, if needed. † (University of Wisconsin, source 1, page 36, paragraph 1. ) Martial arts assist children on the autism spectrum because friend ships are formed around a shared activity and that sense of belonging can be the greatest reward of all for them. Martial arts also help children on the autism spectrum because the release of energy in a safe and ritualized environment can bring a child to a new sense of calm. Also martial arts assist children on the autism spectrum with the ability to concentrate and focus their attention in a consistent and highly structured environment. Additionally, parents find that new skills carry over in to home and at school. Spending time assessing each student to determine what is uniquely motivating for them. Remembering that it may be different than what motivates anyone else, and is definitely different than what motivates other students. For example sensory items, tearing paper, watching things move vs. social praise or time with friends. We then use those unique motivators to engage the student in the learning process. Important lesson of structured teaching is that individuals with autism learn best when they are interested and motivated. Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children (TEACCH) was developed in the early 1970’s by its founder, Eric Schopler, the Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children approach includes a focus on the person with autism and the development of a program around the person’s skills, interests, and needs. They observed people with autism and gained an understanding of their learning style and the characteristics that affected their learning and interactions. Based on their research and understanding of the characteristics of autism, Eric Schopler and others at Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children developed the concepts of â€Å"Structured teaching† as a way to help us organize the educational and home environment in a meaningful way for individuals with autism. People with autism have difficulty in focusing-over focus on details, misses the main idea or what is important now, both social and academically. They also have difficulty generalizing skills and knowledge, does not like change, wants things to remain the same and thrives with routines and structure. They do not change behavior to please others, not a flexible thinker, does not understand others views or choices available, easily struck. People with autism have literal understanding. Terms like you’re killing me, you crack me up, you are out of your mind, pull yourself together, if looks could kill, butter her up and computer bug are taken literal by them. Because of their degree of functionality and their naivete those with autism are often viewed as eccentric or odd and can easily become victims of teasing and bullying. Symptom’s of Asperger’s syndrome are markedly overactive, indicates needs by gestures, is not cuddly or does not like to be touched, easily upset by changes in routine, overly sensitive to loud sounds, lights or odors, fixated on one subject or object, physically awkward in sports. Social situations are extremely challenging, often unsuccessful, chooses to be alone, inappropriate topics, struggles to join and remain a part of a group. Children with Asperger’s syndrome have difficulty picking up nonverbal cues. Not all children with Asperger’s syndrome are alike. Just as each child with Asperger’s syndrome has his or her own personality, Asperger’s syndrome symptoms are manifested in ways specific to each individual. There are seven senses people have. Sensory system one is visual, the receptors are the eyes. Sensory system two is auditory, the receptor is the outer ear. Sensory system three is olfactory, the receptor is the nose. Sensory system four is gustatory, the receptor is the tongue. Sensory system five is tactile, the receptor is the skin. Sensory system six is proprioception, the receptor are muscles and joints. The last Sensory system is vestibular, the receptor is the inner ear. When children are in different moods it affects each of the seven senses. Children with ready to learn arousal. Vision: looks at the task in hand. Auditory: listens to directions effectively. Taste/smell: recognizes standard scent of materials. Tactile: touches all materials appropriately. Proprioception: uses body successfully to complete task. Vestibular: remains at own work station for entire task. For children with high arousal. Vision: frequently distracted by peers. Auditory: needs directions repeated. Taste/smell: driven to smell or licks all materials. Vestibular: constantly wandering away from work station. Proprioception: seems too rough with materials. Tactile: touches all materials and everyone else’s. To support children with high arousal. Vision: monochrome materials, position with back to the back. Auditory: slow clam tone. Taste/smell: juice box with narrow straw. Tactile: reduce variety of texture but increase volume, offer soft/silky. Proprioception: provide very resistive or even weighted materials, work against gravity. Vestibular: all materials positioned within reach, offer movement breaks that are calming. Children with low arousal. Vision: stares off into space. Auditory: needs directions repeated. Taste/smell: drools. Tactile: doesn’t explore materials. Proprioception: seems weak, can’t manage tools. Vestibular: doesn’t spontaneously move body to manage task. To support children with low arousal. Vision: bright contrasting colors, sit near the action. Auditory: vary intonation, loud. Taste/smell: several trips to the bubbler, scented materials. Tactile: add texture, change temperature. Proprioception: prepare for task with stretching. Vestibular: standing vs. sitting, position materials on floor. Meltdowns occur when the person is overwhelmed by the stimulation from; people, tasks, sensory input, emotions and environment. Meltdowns may include screaming, aggression, running away, panic attacks, severe withdrawal, or tantrums. During a meltdown no learning is happening. The main goal is to help the person regain self-control. Best is you can intervene before the meltdown occurs. Learn and look for signs that indicate person is becoming overwhelmed. The first time to do to manage a meltdown is to decrease stimulation/ increase personal space; stay calm and be supportive, decrease language and use visual supports. Physically intervene when safety is an issue, help the person get to a safe area to calm down if needed. You can prevent negative behaviors to be patient. Maintain visual supports, provide waiting time, and implement strategies. In lieu of conventional means of communicating, children with autism may develop idiosyncratic, unconventional, or inappropriate behaviors to communicate, such as self-injurious behaviors, aggression, or tantrums†. â€Å"Most children begin to pick up social and communication skills while they are still infants and toddlers. However, it is exactly this vast realm of communication and social understanding that typically escapes the person with autism. †(Jeanette McAfee, M. D. 2002, source 1, page 70, paragraph 1. ) Teach strategies using interests. When the strategy is understood, teaching a new skill that may be more challenging. Teach strategies using interests in calm relax environment. When the strategy is understood, teach a new skill that may be more challenging. Many individuals are still learning fundamental skills to be a part of a group. Skills that are needed for independences are to ask for help, ask for clarification, recognizing and understanding emotions, request a break, know when and how to take a break and utilize a schedule. Teaching the concept of time. Teach with a transition that is not difficult for the child. Teaching help involves teaching life skills, creating opportunities with low frustration, have visuals easily accessible, praise success in a manner that is rewarding to the person. Develop relationships with growth potential. Everyone has something to teach us, that don’t mean that everyone can teach us everything we want to learn. The people we associate with the most will rub off on us the most. Learning and growing is often the reward for spending time with remarkable people. Identifying people’s uniqueness and strength, we all have qualities and strengths that are part of our natural make-up. These areas will be the areas that we all learn and grow the most. We can surround ourselves with the people that have strengths that can complement our own. Whenever we meet someone new, we are exposed to new learning. It’s been said that we have one mouth and two ears because that way it is encourages us to listen twice as much as we talk. People don’t learn well people they don’t value. If you truly value people you’ll be able to learn from everyone; younger, older, more experienced, less experienced. If you have a teachable attitude, or are willing to adopt one, you will be well positioned to learn the most you can from others. Martial arts is a perfect atmosphere and environment for the development of leadership skills. It has a built in ranking system, as well as opportunities to earn titles and positions that empower people to leader others. Three areas that can immediately improve to increase our influence and improve our image as a leader is appearance, attitude, and actions. Always remember that the title and position doesn’t make the leader, the leader makes the title and position. People will always respect and admire the person far greater then they will respect and admire the title or position. You can have everything in life you want, if you help enough other people get what they want! † (Zig Ziglar, source 3, page 1 paragraph, 5) All us of can learn things in unlikely places, and from unlikely people. Everybody has something to share, or something to teach us. But, that is only true if we have the right attitude toward learning and people. Being arrogant is like saying no one can teach me. The reality is that no one is too old, too smart or too experienced to learn something new. The only thing that stops any of us from being able to constantly learn and improve, is a bad attitude. Being naive is saying someone can teach me everything. People who realize they have room to grow will often seek a mentor. That’s usually a good thing. But not to fall into the trap of thinking that one mentor can teach you everything. Being teachable is saying everyone can teach me something. The people who are the most teachable are mostly to learn the most. Every person has something to share, an observation, a lesson learned, a life experience. We just need to be willing to listen and learn. The way how you influence people will determine how many, how long and how effective you will become at influencing them. People feel they are not able to influence others because they don’t have an official title or position of leadership. Position and title does not make the leader, the leader makes the position or title. Our values and significance increases when we influence others at a time they need it most. Great leaders have a high level of sensory acuity. Great leaders can sense the teachable moments, breakthrough opportunities, and the catalyst times. Right motives are crucial to maintaining a high level of trust in the relationships you have with people. Wrong motives are a result of bad character.

Bonnie and Clyde Essay Example

Bonnie and Clyde Paper At first glance Bonnie and Clyde is a story of crime involving two equal parts, but after some examination it is clear that the film is very much a story exclusively about the character of Bonnie. Clyde and other characters act as foils for Bonnie and never fully develop in the same way that she does. Bonnie evolves as the story progresses, and although she is very masculinized, her initial immaturity dissipates with her characters confusion of gender identity. The film opens with an extreme close up of Bonnie putting lipstick on her lips, a very deliberate idea of femininity. However, she is bored and aimlessly wanders around her room naked; she peers outside and sees Clyde attempting to steal her mothers car. She confronts him and ultimately she is convinced to go with him to lead a life of freedom and excitement. Her role as the woman perpetuates her fascination with Clydes reckless masculine quality but the role becomes unnecessary and extraneous after he admits that he is impotent, or not much of a lover boy. She eventually accepts her role as equal companion to Clyde in his endeavors and becomes very satisfied with such. We will write a custom essay sample on Bonnie and Clyde specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Bonnie and Clyde specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Bonnie and Clyde specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For instance, when trouble starts to brew Clyde warns Bonnie that she aint going to have a minutes peace, to which she simply responds, You promise? Later, in her foreshadowing poem that she reads to Clyde, shes admits to her self that death is the only means by which she will be relieved of the burdens of the life of crime she has chosen. Clyde in turn becomes excited by the poem realizing how their story would become legendary with its printing; his sexual ineptness is evidently cured and all of a sudden he wants to marry Bonny in the next scene. This is the most telling scene of Bonnies transformation back to a character that wants a civilized life; she asks Clyde if he would do anything differently if they could have it all back. Bonnie is noticeably disappointed when he responds superficially and without any regard to a different lifestyle which Bonnie now longs for. Bonnie is also significantly foiled against the films other female character, Bucks wife Blanche. Bonnie is very assertive and lively whereas Blanche is reserved and polite in the scene when they meet each other. Bonnie is quick to grab Clydes gun and pose in front of the car in a very masculine way for the camera. Blanche doesnt want her picture taken at all, and when its done anyway, it is just of her and Buck with their arms around each other. By this point in the film Bonnie is at her peak of masculine quality, she is surprised and disgusted at how reserved and manner-aware Blanche seems to be. When the gang is in the cabin and the police confront them, Bonnie responds as quickly as the three men do fend themselves off from the police officers. Blanche proceeds to only scream and run away from the loud guns and, as they escape, Blanche is practically left behind until she frantically runs after the vehicle; Bonnie is clearly one of the guys, a true part of the gang and Blanche is only an afterthought even to her husband Buck. Additionally, Bonnies character is the only one in the film that is shown as having a family who she wants to be with, with the exception of Buck and Clyde. C. W. Moss foils Bonnie in the sense that his father plays a significant role in the film, but he doesnt go to him until he needs help, and it is in the best interest of the whole gang. Bonnie longs to see her mother, an indication that she may miss her old life; it may have been boring but it was also meaningful and safe. She slowly become dissatisfied with the life she hastily chose when she met Clyde. She does go home to her mother with everyone but only after trying to run away from the gang in order to do so; she has become so dissatisfied with the life that she doesnt even bother to warn Clyde of her departure, not wanting to bring the gang into her family atmosphere. Both C.W. Moss father and Bonnies mother are disapproving of their behavior, but whereas Mrs. Parker reaffirms Bonnies need for something more, old man Moss feelings of Bonnie and Clyde and their way of life only causes C. W. Moss anger and a lack of understanding. Bonnie Parker is slowly transformed from restless female to a gun shooting, money loving, masculinized character. By the end of the film it is too late for her to transform back despite wanting nothing more; she realizes that any life with Clyde would be a nomadic life of crime and must accept her fate as a gangster as she wrote about it in her own poem. Ironically, Bonnie is the only character who both wants out of the life, but also realizes that such an opportunity is an impossibility.

Gender discrimination essays

Gender discrimination essays In 1972, the United States Congress passed Title IX of the Education Amendment Act. This act banned sexual discrimination in education programs which received federal funding. In the area of athletics, it required universities which received federal funding to provide equal athletic opportunities for men and women. Still after over thirty years, women in sports still seek equality by the same treatment or opportunities that are given to males. Even though in the past few years, womens sports have increased in popularity forming new leagues such as the WNBA, a professional womens football league, womens soccer, and more. Sports in general is a mere reflection of society. In sport, people with the money have the power and make all the decisions. This leads to hegemony, where the powerful remain in control. In todays society, female sports do not get the recognition that mens sports do in that they do not make the same amount of money, the same amount of respect, and the same am ount of television coverage. Gender discriminations root comes from the interest and desires of society. The people in control, the older white males are biased towards male sports because the action is much faster and much more intense. This meets the desires and wellbeing of society, thus they will attend the male sporting events, watch the events on television, and buy their apparel from stores, thus solidifying the discrimination of female sports in favor of male sporting events. Female athletes are frequently looked upon as not being as entertaining or lacking athleticism compared to male athletes. The media has had the largest influence in socializing what we think about men and womens sports. Many people who are gender discriminative believe women are inferior to men in that they cannot compete on the same level, either intensity, performance, or stamina wise. These are reasons why female s...

TEXTBOOK CJ2012 FAGIN-Which philosophy of punishment do you believe in Essay

TEXTBOOK CJ2012 FAGIN-Which philosophy of punishment do you believe in and why - Essay Example 285). The theory of incapacitation, on the other hand, is founded on the philosophy that criminal circumstances must be negated so that the crime will not occur again while deterrence theory contends that the punishment awarded to an offender should be â€Å"sufficient to prevent future instances† of such crimes (285). Rehabilitation theory attempts to provide the offender a positive environment and creating awareness whereas restoration theory focuses on a restoring process by bringing the stakeholders together, with the offender taking responsibility for the offence and providing restitution to the victim. I believe restoration is the best approach because while refuting the effectiveness of other theories, it strives to bring positive outcomes for both the victim as well as the perpetrator. Punishments should rather address the crime than the criminal, especially in the context that an offender commits a crime not merely based on the faculty of free will. Several factors, such as biological, psychological and social influences contribute to criminal behavior in people. Therefore, punishments need to be focused on these causative elements rather than on the person who commits a crime. The approaches of vengeance and deterrence are found on the concept of punishing the perpetrator and not on eliminating the tendency to commit crimes. Thus, these may not yield any positive outcomes either for the person who commits the crime or the one who falls prey to it. Similarly, the philosophy of incapacitation also will not preempt a criminal from committing a crime, when the opportunity ripens. The concept of rehabilitation, focuses on providing positive environment for the criminal, and can be understood as a better approach than the other three. However, it does not guarantee a transformation of the offenders because they may embark on criminal behavior when the environment changes. Besides, it does not take into account the victim in any manner. On the other

Hypothesis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hypothesis - Coursework Example se: Providing financial security for teachers is the underlying problem and the goal of the research is to identify the best approach to achieve such an objective (Brace, 2008). Therefore, the goal is to improve compensation for teachers in order to order to improve their service in teaching students. Riverdale high School aims at achieving at least 75 percent mastery among its students. This can only be achieved through an effective pay for performance system. Students Response: Data collection will involve the use of surveys and questionnaires. The data relates to the effects of the economy to the financial security of teachers. Teachers will respond to questions and field assistants will assess the living standards of teachers. Findings will be analyzed and results presented (Brace, 2008). Problem: Riverdale High School is currently overcrowded in terms of high numbers of student enrollment. There is an urgent need for a reduction in the number of students in order to reduce overcrowding. The school is also facing the problem of low pay for their teacher which has negatively affected their working morale. However, low pay for teachers has become the main problem facing the institution and this can only be addressed by devising a systematic plan. Students Response: Selection and interpretation of data will involve identifying relevant data from the survey and questionnaire. Such information will have to be related to the research problem and propose a solution. The information will also be identified as relevant based on its relation to the research hypotheses (Brace, 2008). 8) Describe how your research proves or disproves your hypothesis. In addition, list any additional research avenues created by researching the original problem. Hint: Based on an analysis of the data, the hypothesis is either supported or not supported. The question may be answered or not answered. Research can create more research while the process remains never-ending. Students

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Networked Medium Information Technology Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Networked Medium Information Technology Essay Bus networks use a common backbone to connect all devices. A single cable, the backbone functions as a shared communication medium that devices attach or tap into with an interface connector. A device wanting to communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire that all other devices see, but only the intended recipient actually accepts and processes the message. Ring topology: In a ring network, every device has exactly two neighbors for communication purposes. All messages travel through a ring in the same direction. A failure in any cable or device breaks the loop and can take down the entire network. Star topology: Many home networks use the star topology. A star network features a central connection point called a hub that may be a  hub,  switch  or router. Devices typically connect to the hub with Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Ethernet. Compared to the bus topology, a star network generally requires more cable, but a failure in any star network cable will only take down one computers network access and not the entire LAN. b) Advantages and disadvantages of each medium. Network medium is the physical channel that used for transmission in the network. The types of the medium are: Wire Fiber air Wire: UTP cable is a medium that is composed of pairs of wires.  UTP cable is used in a variety of networks. Each of the eight individual copper wires in UTP cable is covered by an insulating material. In addition, the wires in each pair are twisted around each other. Fiber: Long distance signal transmission. Large Bandwidth, Light Weight, and Small Diameter Long Lengths Easy Installation and Upgrades Non-Conductivity Security Designed for Future Applications Needs Air: Mobility. Elimination of unsightly cables. c) Recommendation for topology and medium to use: Topology: Figure 1.1 : Star topology We select the star topology for this in-house network. Because the star topology is most popular topology for in-house network (LAN). Also we can be benefit by using the star topology in a LAN. Benefits: Information can be easily shared allowing for quick and informed decisions to be made, saving time and money. A more productive and competitive environment is achieved through greater teamwork within the organization. Network-based communication such as email is considerably cheaper than using the phone or fax and sharing resources such as printers gives more efficient use of equipment at lower costs. Standard versions of procedures and directories can be made accessible to everyone. IT administration can be centralised. Data can be backed-up from a single point on a scheduled basis ensuring consistency. Medium: Figure1.2: WI-FI network We select the WI-FI for this in-house network. Because Mobility. Elimination of unsightly cables. Problem Identification: Task 2 10 Marks Investigate the Internet connection requirements for the Fire Department. a) Describe the Internet services that may be required. b) Explain the connection speeds that are suitable for these requirements. c) Find examples of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that can meet these requirements in your country. d) Make a recommendation to use one ISP based upon the services offered and price charged. Solution of Task 2 a) Hardware and Software Requirements: Computer with either: Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows XP Professional, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, or Windows Server 2003 installed. A CD-ROM drive for the installation compact disc. Adequate disk space for the database, business objects, and Web pages 10 MB free space minimum. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol installed. A network adapter card and local area network connection. An Internet connection and Internet Protocol address from your Internet Service Provider. Network Adapter board. Figure 2.1: Intranet network system b) Connection speeds requirements: 512 for upload is standard connection for sound only, the much required is 138 kbps, means that 512 138 = 374 kbps free for chat or image. Usually, download > upload is possible for internet provider to have busy server and in this situation you will be connected from phone standard line, with smaller speed. So in this system it demands 512 kbps connection speed. c) Examples of Internet Service Providers in our country: Brack net. Zip. Qubee. Grameen phone Internet. Bangla lion. Recommendation to use the ISP : In this system we select Qubee as out ISP because, Qubee has the solution which is fast and reliable. Very much cost effective. More then it is driven by WI-MAX technology.   And obviously it is portable. There package, Monthly Usage Allowance Speed 5GB 10GB Sky 256 Kbps BDT 850 BDT 950 BDT 1,250 512 Kbps BDT 1,250 BDT 1,450 BDT 2,250 1Mbps BDT 2,250 BDT 2,750 BDT 5,250 and Qubee Modem Tk. 3,000 Modem Installation Free  Ã‚   First months fee payable at the time of signup Problem Identification: Task 3 30 Marks Investigate the methods the Fire Department could implement for two-way voice communications. As a minimum include the following information: a) How each method works (frequencies, full/half duplex, etc). b) Details of the legal requirements for operating the system in your country. c) Costs of setting up and operating the system, including licensing costs, equipment costs, etc. d) Limitations of each method. Provide a recommendation for how voice communications should be set up and run including reasons for this recommendation. Solution of Task 3 Method of full/half duplex system: Half-Duplex: A  half-duplex  system provides for communication in both directions, but only one direction at a time. Typically, once a party begins receiving a signal, it must wait for the transmitter to stop transmitting, before replying. An example of a half-duplex system is a two-party system such as a walkie-talkie style two-way radio, wherein one must use Over or another previously designated command to indicate the end of transmission, and ensure that only one party transmits at a time, because both parties transmit on the same frequency. A good analogy for a half-duplex system would be a one lane road with traffic controllers at each end. Traffic can flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time with this being regulated by the traffic controllers. Full-Duplex: A  full-duplex  system allows communication in both directions, and unlike half-duplex, allows this to happen simultaneously. Land-line telephone networks are full-duplex since they allow both callers to speak and be heard at the same time. A good analogy for a  full-duplex  system would be a two-lane road with one lane for each direction. Examples:  Telephone,  Mobile Phone, etc. Two way radios can be, for instance, designed as full-duplex systems, which transmit on one frequency and receive on a different frequency. This is also called frequency-division duplex. Frequency-division-duplex systems can be extended to farther distances using pairs of simple repeater stations, owing to the fact that the communications transmitted on any one frequency always travel in the same direction. Full-duplex Ethernet connections work by making simultaneous use of all four physical pairs of twisted cable, where two pairs are used for receiving packets and two pairs are used for sending packets, to a directly connected device. This effectively makes the cable itself a collision-free environment and theoretically doubles the maximum bandwidth that can be supported by the connection. There are several benefits to using full duplex over half duplex. First, time is not wasted since no frames need to be retransmitted as there are no collisions. Secondly, full bandwidth is available in both directions because send and receive functions are separated. Third, stations/node do not have to wait until other operations complete their transmission as there is only one transmitter for each twisted pair. Legal requirements for operating the system in our country: 1.1 As per the national frequency allocation plan 2005 (nfap 2005), spectrum from the ism band in 2.4000-2.4835 ghz and 5.725-5.875 ghz is allocated for wi-fi use. 1.2.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Access to the spectrum will be on shared basis. There will be no exclusive assignment to any individual or organizations, whether for private, public or commercial use. 1.3.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Any government or private organization/educational institution/corporate body can establish and use wi-fi network on non commercial/non-profit basis. 1.4.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Household/private users are not required to take any permission from the commission or pay any levy/charge for using wi-fi in the given ism band. 1.5.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both indoor and outdoor wi-fi is permitted in the given spectrum of ism band. However, the maximum power output for the wi-fi equipment is limited to 1 watt. 1.6.  Ã‚  Ã‚   All commercial wi-fi hotspot operators/service providers shall possess an isp or equivalent license (e.g., bwa license). Existing operators having such license from the commission will be eligible to establish wi-fi network for providing last mile solution. 1.7.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Operators/service providers will submit a detailed list of wi-fi outdoor hotspots to the commission. There will be levy/charges applicable annually for all hotspots. the levy/charge shall be charged as per the rate list published by the commission. 1.8.  Ã‚  Ã‚   All service providers will obtain permission in the form of no objection certificate (noc) from the commission for importation, deployment, use and providing any service with wi-fi equipment. Guideline for application and application form is available at http://www.btrc.gov.bd. Existing ism band operators who wish to adapt their present wi-fi equipment for the same purpose may also be provided permission from the commission on case by case basis. 1.9.  Ã‚  Ã‚   All vendors in possession of dealer possession and radio communication equipment vendor license issued by the commission are eligible to apply for noc for importation and marketing of wi-fi equipment in Bangladesh. 1.10. The commission reserves the right to cancel the permission if any complication arises anytime. c) Costs of setting up and operating the system, including licensing costs, equipment costs: The cost of operating the system: The cost of operating the system Purpose Cost 01. 1pr cross connect wire wh/red red/white 1m feet 3000/= 02. Programming cable for air-phone 1500/= 03. IP network station port 35000/= 04. Controller card f/60 units non scrolling 25000/= 05. Pc-console-software 50000/= 06. Access control keypad f/jb-dv 12000/= 07. Video monitor 15000/= 08. Human (per/month) 5000/= 12. Total 14,6,500/= Table-3.1The cost of operating the system The cost of equipments: The cost of equipments equipments Price 01. Handset spare part f/ie1gd 1500/= 02. Complete handset f/men-na 3000/= 03. Pc-380 select switch pc f/ap-m 1500/= 04. Ja av modulator 12000/= 05. Color mem vandal set 50000/= 06. Access control keypad f/jb-dv 12000/= 07. Door station adaptor f/ 1 door 5000/= 08. C.o. audible ringer 5000/= 09. Calling switch 5000/= 10. Single line auto phone dialer 5000/= 11. Power adapter 1000/= 12. Total 10,1,000/= Table-3.2 The cost of equipments Limitations of each method: During the time when one wave passes through another we say that the waves  interfere. It is really not correct to say that the waves collide or hit, although this is often how such an interaction is termed. When the  crest  of one wave passes through, or is  super positioned  upon, the  crest  of another wave, we say that the waves  constructively interfere. Constructive interference also occurs when the  trough  of one wave is super positioned upon the  trough  of another wave. During any wave interference the shape of the medium is determined by the sum of the separate amplitudes of each wave. We often say that when waves interfere, amplitudes add. Using the arrow buttons step through the above animation to see how the amplitudes add during constructive interference. Notice that in this animation the crest of the red wave constructively interferes with the crest of the blue wave. Recommendation for voice communications set up: Wireless Fidelity, better known as Wi-Fi, is a term used to describe the underlying technology of wireless local area networks based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11 standards. Initially intended to connect mobile computing devices in local area networks, Wi-Fi applications have grown to include various data, voice, and video services such as Internet access and Voice over Internet Protocol. Wi-Fi technology platform is based on single-carrier direct-sequence spread spectrum and multi-carrier Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing radio technologies to transmit and receive signals. Wi-Fi is more commonly used in point-to-multipoint environments to allow extended network connectivity of multiple portable devices such as laptops, telephones, or PDAs. Wi-Fi also allows connectivity in point-to-point mode, which enables devices to directly connect and communicate to each other. A region covered by one or more APs is considered a hotspot. Home networks commonly deploy one AP that is typically connected directly to an Internet service provider , whereas larger networks may require at least several APs positioned in strategic locations to provide flexibility of service to a large number of users. Because of range constraints, Wi-Fi networks are used in localized regions. Figure 3.1: Common Wi-Fi Network Wi-Fi can be used in conjunction with other emerging wireless technologies, such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Mesh Networking, to extend the coverage area of terrestrial networks and to provide high-speed mobile data and telecommunications services. For example, WiMAX can be used as a backhaul technology to connect multiple Wi-Fi hotspots with each other and to other parts of the Internet. WiMAX describes the technology behind wireless networks based on the IEEE 802.16 standards. Wi-Fi technology has been highly utilized for many applications such as voice communications, video communications, and various data services. This section describes how Wi-Fi technology supports these applications. The expansion of telecommunications has spawned great need for new technologies to provide sought-after voice communication services. Internet telephony, better known as VoIP, is a technology that allows for transport of voice traffic using an Internet Protocol (IP) network infrastructure. VoIP and Internet telephony have come a long way since their inception, and with the impressive development of Wi-Fi technologies, the popularity of voice communications over wireless will continue to increase. Common VoIP networks consist of the hardware and software enabling the end users to leverage the Internet as the transmission medium for telephone calls. IEEE 802.11 Voice over Wi-Fi is the wireless version of this technology that is designed to work with wireless devices. VoWi-Fi solutions provide mobile users during critical missions with the ability to roam wirelessly. Typically, a VoWi-Fi user device will connect to an AP to authenticate to a designated VoIP network. Once associated to an AP and authenticated to the appropriate network, a user will have the capability of mobile voice communications across enterprise networks, residential broadband networks, or even public/private hotspots. VoWi-Fi products are becoming more advanced and readily available to support various challenging short- and long-term voice service needs, such as in commercial, healthcare, private, and incident site environments. Given the steadily increasing demand for voice services and mobility, wired and wireless VoIP deployments continue to grow and eventually will become more prevalent than traditional circuit switching voice systems. One advantage VoWi-Fi provides over traditional circuit-based voice communications is an ability to easily accommodate user growth in many different operating environments, through software configuration. Typically, physical attributes of circuit-switched voice systems can limit the flexibility of real-time configuration. Deploying a wireless VoIP system can provide significant savings in cost and deployment time when compared with other wireless voice communication solutions. Problem Identification: Task 4 30 Marks Investigate telephone systems available in your country for single-site organisations like the Fire Department. Pay particular attention to: a) The main equipment that would be installed. b) The features available with each system. c) The cost of equipment and installation. d) The cost of operating the system. e) Provide a recommendation for which system to purchase including reasons for this recommendation. Solution of Task 4 a) The main equipment that would be installed: The following equipments are generally installed through telephone systems: 2.4 GHz digital cordless voice transmission, the latest cordless technology Up to 10 cordless handsets can share a single base station Up to 20 voice mailboxes on a single system Speech recognition enables you to control your system with your voice Text to speech synthesis technology enables your system to read your e-mail to you over the phone Smart call forwarding; have your calls forwarded to you when youre on the road Connects to your Windows computer to give you advanced unified messaging and computer telephony features b) Features available with each system: The following features are available with the installed telephone systems: Call Transfer Direct Inward Dialing and Direct Outward Dialing Hunting Line Restriction Station Line Identification Station-to-Station Dialing Centrex with Voice Mail Automatic Callback Call Forwarding-Busy Line Call Forwarding-Dont Answer Call Screen Call Trace Call Waiting-Incoming Directed Call Pickup Direct Inward Dial to Direct Outward Dial Transfer Call Transfer: Transfers calls, even cellular calls, to another line either inside or outside your Centrex system. Direct Inward Dialing and Direct Outward Dialing: Allows you to route calls directly or through an attendant. Hunting: Automatically sends an incoming call from a busy line to the next designated line. Line Restriction: Limits phone access on selected lines so that only authorized numbers or regions can be called. Station Line Identification: Provides a detailed record of calls made by each Centrex station including start time, duration, and toll call numbers. Automatic Callback: Allows a station user to be called when a previously busy station becomes idle. Call Forwarding-Busy Line: Automatically reroutes calls to a designated station or your voice mail if your line is busy. Call Forwarding-Dont Answer: Automatically reroute calls to another phone if you havent responded within a preset number of rings. Call Screen: Manages interruptions by having annoying or harassing calls diverted this feature allows up to ten customer-designated numbers to be routed directly to a prerecorded announcement. Call Trace: Allows you to alert the authorities with useful information when harassing or threatening calls are made to your business. Call Waiting-Incoming: Lets you take a second call if you are already on the line. Directed Call Pickup: Lets you answer a fellow employees line (within the call pickup group) without moving from your desk. Direct Inward Dial to Direct Outward Dial Transfer: Allows you to transfer an incoming direct dialed call to another location, either within the Centrex system or to an outside company, residence, car phone, etc.- instead of having the caller hang up and dial the new number. c) The cost of equipment and installation: Figure 4.1 The cost of equipments equipments Price 01. Handset spare part f/ie1gd 1500/= 02. Complete handset f/men-na 3000/= 03. Pc-380 select switch pc f/ap-m 1500/= 04. Ja av modulator 12000/= 05. Color mem vandal set 50000/= 06. Access control keypad f/jb-dv 12000/= 07. Door station adaptor f/ 1 door 5000/= 08. C.o. audible ringer 5000/= 09. Calling switch 5000/= 10. Single line auto phone dialer 5000/= 11. Power adapter 1000/= 12. Total 101000/= Table-4.1 the cost of equipments d) The cost of operating the system: The cost of operating the system Purpose Cost 01. 1pr cross connect wire wh/red red/white 1m feet 3000/= 02. Programming cable for air-phone 1500/= 03. IP network station port 35000/= 04. Controller card f/60 units non scrolling 25000/= 05. Pc-console-software 50000/= 06. Access control keypad f/jb-dv 12000/= 07. Video monitor 15000/= 08. Human (per/month) 5000/= 12. Total 146500/= Table-4.2The cost of operating the system Problem Identification: Task 5 10 Marks The Fire Department needs to remain operational in the event of a serious incident such as a major terrorist attack or war. Explain the measures you would put in place that would allow the Fire Department to operate in the event of Newtown having no electrical power and fixed telephone lines being broken. Solution of Task 5 Disaster recovery plans are complex, and can ultimately take two years or more to complete. While this can be taken in one way as from a disaster recovery consultant, it also comes from experience. To make a plan for the fire department network to deal with major disasters and also to deal with the short term failure of the system fallowing topics are included 1. Reason for Planning protect human life; recover critical operations; protect competitive position; preserve customer confidence and good will; and protect against litigation. 2. Recognition initial reaction procedures to a disaster report; notification procedures for police, fire, medical; and notification procedures for management. 3. Reaction mobilizing the EMT (executive management team); filing of initial damage assessment reports to the EMT; assisting EMT in preparation of statements; and opening a critical events log for audit purposes. 4. Recovery modified signing authority for equipment purchases; procedures for getting cash; procedures for maintaining physical security; procedures for arranging security at the damaged site; procedures for finding and getting to the recovery center (maps!); and procedures for arranging security at the recovery center. 5. Restoration coordination of restoration of the original site; restoration of electronic equipment; reloading of software; restoration of power, UPS, common building systems; replacement of fire suppression systems; rewiring of the building; restoring the LAN; and restoring the WAN connections. 6. Return to Normal testing procedures for new hardware and software; what constitutes a successful test (before recommitting production); training operations personnel; training employees; scheduling migration back to original site; and coordinating return to original site. 7. Rest and Relax schedule compensatory time off; and make visits to employees in rehab from stress. 8. Re-evaluate and Re-Document review your critical events log; evaluate vendor performance; recognize extraordinary achievements; preparing final review and activity report; and Aid in liability assessments. Problem Identification: Task 6 10 Marks Create a comprehensive, professional report describing your network recommendations. This should include the details of Tasks 1 5, have estimates of cost throughout and have an executive summary at the start giving the key points. Solution of Task 6 In this task I have Investigate the company telephone system requires a central switchboard for the whole building plus direct dialing into each individual member of the company. Typical modern telephone functions such as call waiting, conference calls, etc will be required. Investigate the in-house network (LAN) topology .In this network system we must select a topology and a medium thus we connect our network stations. Also we must provide a recommendation about the topology and media. Possible network topologies for each branch are: BUS RING STAR To setup a company intranet we need to consider the requirements for the media and connector in each implementation. This topic outlines the cable and connector specifications used to support network implementations. Network Media: A star may be wired with twisted-pair ,coax or WI-FI. Recommended: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Type: Category 5 commonly know as CAT-5 A plan for Advertising Agency network to deal with major disasters and also to deal with the short term failure of the system. It is important that the system can be updated after temporary failure and that data is accessible in the event of a major disaster. Problems are going to occur. Hardware is going to fail. Networks are going to crash. The best thing Advertising Agency can do is plan for the inevitable, implement as many disasters avoidance mechanisms possible and be ready to react quickly when necessary. Some key points include: Implementation physical data security Protect critical systems Conclusion: Completing this work I have a good idea and experience about researching, creating reports, solving problems, on setup Local Area Network that I was required to complete for my assignment. During the completion of the work, I have to face many problems and I learn how to overcome these problems. I hope in future this assignment will help anyone to improve their study on LAN and to apply it on real life. Bibliography

Solar Power Essay -- Alternative Energy Clean Photovoltaic Cells Panel

Solar Power: An Alternative Energy Source Since first discovered in the 1860s, the concept of storing energy from the sun to use as a source of power has been studied and pursued by many programs. Either using solar collectors or photovoltaic cells, the methods of using solar power are becoming more efficient and cost-effective. Solar technology is currently being used by homes and businesses, but is still too expensive and risky for many residents. Researchers are still making advances to solar technology for it to be a feasible energy source in the future. Solar energy was first started in the 1860s when Auguste Mouchout and William Adams found a way for storing solar radiation into tanks of water. Since then, there have been improvements to the processing of solar energy, which has been split into two categories: agricultural based and electricity based. The agricultural method, otherwise known as thermal solar energy, uses the sunlight to heat liquid and power steam engines. Solar collectors can be used on houses or business buildings to store the energy. Different types of solar collectors are flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors and integral collector storage systems (US Department of Energy, 2007, para. 2). The electrochemical process is more complicated and requires photovoltaic (PV) cells to capture the solar energy and convert it into electricity. PV cells have many uses, including powering batteries or mechanical devices by absorbing the photons and creating a voltage. (Simon, 2007, p. 88) Silicon in the PV conductors absorbs photons, but sometimes impurities are added to create a charge. Phosphorous is added to create negatively charged silicon and boron is added to create positively charged silicon in... ...om the Sun. Retrieved July 31, 2007 from http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/solar.htm National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2007). Solar Research. Retrieved July 28, 2007 from http://www.nrel.gov/solar/ Nersesian, Roy L. (2007). Energy for the 21st Century. New York: M.E. Sharp. Simon, Christopher A. (2007). Alternative Energy. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. United Nations Development Programme. (2002). Energy for Sustainable Development. New York: UNDP. U.S. Department of Energy. (2007). Solar Energy Technologies Program. Retrieved July 28, 2007 from http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/ Van Wyk, Anita. (2005). Solar Energy Advantages Disadvantages. Retrieved August 1, 2007 from http://ezinearticles.com/?Solar-Energy-Advantages-Disadvantages&id=50178 Wikipedia. (2007). Solar Power. Retrieved July 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power Solar Power Essay -- Alternative Energy Clean Photovoltaic Cells Panel Solar Power: An Alternative Energy Source Since first discovered in the 1860s, the concept of storing energy from the sun to use as a source of power has been studied and pursued by many programs. Either using solar collectors or photovoltaic cells, the methods of using solar power are becoming more efficient and cost-effective. Solar technology is currently being used by homes and businesses, but is still too expensive and risky for many residents. Researchers are still making advances to solar technology for it to be a feasible energy source in the future. Solar energy was first started in the 1860s when Auguste Mouchout and William Adams found a way for storing solar radiation into tanks of water. Since then, there have been improvements to the processing of solar energy, which has been split into two categories: agricultural based and electricity based. The agricultural method, otherwise known as thermal solar energy, uses the sunlight to heat liquid and power steam engines. Solar collectors can be used on houses or business buildings to store the energy. Different types of solar collectors are flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors and integral collector storage systems (US Department of Energy, 2007, para. 2). The electrochemical process is more complicated and requires photovoltaic (PV) cells to capture the solar energy and convert it into electricity. PV cells have many uses, including powering batteries or mechanical devices by absorbing the photons and creating a voltage. (Simon, 2007, p. 88) Silicon in the PV conductors absorbs photons, but sometimes impurities are added to create a charge. Phosphorous is added to create negatively charged silicon and boron is added to create positively charged silicon in... ...om the Sun. Retrieved July 31, 2007 from http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/solar.htm National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2007). Solar Research. Retrieved July 28, 2007 from http://www.nrel.gov/solar/ Nersesian, Roy L. (2007). Energy for the 21st Century. New York: M.E. Sharp. Simon, Christopher A. (2007). Alternative Energy. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. United Nations Development Programme. (2002). Energy for Sustainable Development. New York: UNDP. U.S. Department of Energy. (2007). Solar Energy Technologies Program. Retrieved July 28, 2007 from http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/ Van Wyk, Anita. (2005). Solar Energy Advantages Disadvantages. Retrieved August 1, 2007 from http://ezinearticles.com/?Solar-Energy-Advantages-Disadvantages&id=50178 Wikipedia. (2007). Solar Power. Retrieved July 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power